Antimicrobial activity of varying concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the endodontic microorganisms Actinomyces israelii, A. naeslundii, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis

Aim  To determine the resistance of microorganisms associated with refractory endodontic infections to sodium hypochlorite used as a root canal irrigant. Methodology  Two strains each of Actinomyces naeslundii, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis were tested as late logarithmic phase inocula,...

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Published in:International endodontic journal 2004-07, Vol.37 (7), p.438-446
Main Authors: Radcliffe, C. E., Potouridou, L., Qureshi, R., Habahbeh, N., Qualtrough, A., Worthington, H., Drucker, D. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinomyces - drug effects
Actinomyces israelii
Actinomyces naeslundii
antimicrobial
Candida albicans
Candida albicans - drug effects
Colony Count, Microbial
Dental Pulp Cavity - microbiology
Dentistry
endodontics
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis - drug effects
Linear Models
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Root Canal Irrigants - administration & dosage
sodium hypochlorite
Sodium Hypochlorite - administration & dosage
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Summary:Aim  To determine the resistance of microorganisms associated with refractory endodontic infections to sodium hypochlorite used as a root canal irrigant. Methodology  Two strains each of Actinomyces naeslundii, Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis were tested as late logarithmic phase inocula, against sodium hypochlorite adjusted to 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.25% w/v. Contact times used were 0, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 120 s. In the case of E. faecalis, additional experiments used contact times of 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 30.0 min. Anti‐microbial action was halted by sodium thiosulphate addition. Survivors were measured primarily using viable counts on drop plates. Additionally, pour plates were used to count low colony‐forming units (cfu) and dilutions to 10−6 were used to count high cfu. Results  All concentrations of NaOCl lowered cfu below the limit of detection after 10 s in the case of A. naeslundii and C. albicans. However, E. faecalis proved to be more resistant to NaOCl. Using 0.5% NaOCl for 30 min reduced cfu to zero for both strains tested. This compares with 10 min for 1.0%, 5 min for 2.5% and 2 min for 5.25% (P 
ISSN:0143-2885
1365-2591
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00752.x