Regulation by transcription attenuation in bacteria: how RNA provides instructions for transcription termination/antitermination decisions

Regulation of gene expression by premature termination of transcription, or transcription attenuation, is a common regulatory strategy in bacteria. Various mechanisms of regulating transcription termination have been uncovered, each can be placed in either of two broad categories of termination even...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioEssays 2002-08, Vol.24 (8), p.700-707
Main Authors: Henkin, Tina M., Yanofsky, Charles
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacillus - genetics
Bacillus - physiology
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
Codon
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Models, Biological
Open Reading Frames
Protein Biosynthesis
RNA - metabolism
RNA, Transfer - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Regulation of gene expression by premature termination of transcription, or transcription attenuation, is a common regulatory strategy in bacteria. Various mechanisms of regulating transcription termination have been uncovered, each can be placed in either of two broad categories of termination events. Many mechanisms involve choosing between two alternative hairpin structures in an RNA transcript, with the decision dependent on interactions between ribosome and transcript, tRNA and transcript, or protein and transcript. In other examples, modification of the transcription elongation complex is the crucial event. This article will describe and compare several of these regulatory strategies, and will cite specific examples to illustrate the different mechanisms employed. BioEssays 24:700–707, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN:0265-9247
1521-1878
DOI:10.1002/bies.10125