Orbitofrontal cortex mediates inhibition of return

Recent accounts have proposed that orbitofrontal cerebral cortex mediates the control of behavior based on emotional feedback and its somatic correlates. Here, we describe the performance of a patient with circumscribed damage to orbitofrontal cortex during a task that requires switching between sen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuropsychologia 2002, Vol.40 (12), p.1891-1901
Main Authors: Hodgson, T.L, Mort, D, Chamberlain, M.M, Hutton, S.B, O’Neill, K.S, Kennard, C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activity levels. Psychomotricity
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Craniotomy
Discrimination (Psychology) - physiology
Executive control
Eye Movements - physiology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gambling - psychology
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Medical sciences
Memory, Short-Term - physiology
Meningioma - pathology
Meningioma - surgery
Middle Aged
Neuropsychological Tests
Orbit - pathology
Orbit - physiology
Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology
Prefrontal Cortex - pathology
Prefrontal Cortex - physiology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychomotor Performance - physiology
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reading
Reinforcement (Psychology)
Reward
Saccades - physiology
Somatic markers
Spatial working memory
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Vigilance. Attention. Sleep
Visual attention
Visual Perception - physiology
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Summary:Recent accounts have proposed that orbitofrontal cerebral cortex mediates the control of behavior based on emotional feedback and its somatic correlates. Here, we describe the performance of a patient with circumscribed damage to orbitofrontal cortex during a task that requires switching between sensory-motor mappings, contingent on the occurrence of positive and negative reward feedbacks. In this test, normal subjects and other patients with prefrontal damage show an increase in latencies for eye movements towards locations at which a negative feedback was presented on the preceding trial. In contrast, our patient does not show this reward-dependent inhibition of return effect on saccades. She was also found to make an increased rate of ocular refixations during visual search and used a disorganized search strategy in a token foraging task. These findings suggest that orbital regions of the prefrontal cortex mediate an inhibitory effect on actions directed towards locations that have been subject to negative reinforcement. Further, this mechanism seems to play a role in controlling natural search and foraging behavior.
ISSN:0028-3932
1873-3514
DOI:10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00064-7