Diarrhoea and effects of different water sources, sanitation and hygiene behaviour in East Africa

Summary Apart from Drawers of Water (DOW I) published in 1972, there have been only a handful of publishedstudies on domestic water use and environmental health in East Africa, based on direct observations or other reliable research methods. The objective of this study was to carry out a repeat anal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical medicine & international health 2002-09, Vol.7 (9), p.750-756
Main Authors: Tumwine, James K., Thompson, John, Katua‐Katua, Munguti, Mujwajuzi, Mark, Johnstone, Nick, Wood, Elizabeth, Porras, Ina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the digestive system and abdomen
Biological and medical sciences
Diarrhea - epidemiology
Diarrhea - etiology
diarrhoea
East Africa
Health Surveys
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
hygiene
Infectious diseases
Kenya - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Prevalence
Residence Characteristics
Rural Health
Sanitation
Tanzania - epidemiology
Tropical medicine
Uganda - epidemiology
Urban Health
water
Water Microbiology
Water Supply
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Summary:Summary Apart from Drawers of Water (DOW I) published in 1972, there have been only a handful of publishedstudies on domestic water use and environmental health in East Africa, based on direct observations or other reliable research methods. The objective of this study was to carry out a repeat analysis of domestic water use and environmental health in East Africa based on DOW I. The study was conducted in the same sites as DOW I. Field assistants spent at least 1 day in each household observing and conducting semi‐structured interviews. They measured the amount of water collected, recorded the amount of water used in the home, and noted household socio‐demographic characteristics, prevalence of diarrhoea, state and use of latrines, sources of water and conditions of use. We surveyed 1015 households in 33 sites in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya in 1997. From 1967 to 1997, the prevalence of diarrhoea, in the week preceding the survey, increased from 6% to 18% in Kenya and from 16% to 21% in Uganda; it declined slightly in Tanzania (11–8%). Determinants of diarrhoea morbidity included poor hygiene (unsafe disposal of faeces and wastewater), education level of household head, obtaining water from surface sources or wells and per capita water used for cleaning. Hygiene practices are an important complement to improved water and sanitation in reducing diarrhoea morbidity.
ISSN:1360-2276
1365-3156
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00927.x