Pathways of plastid-to-nucleus signaling

Several plastid signals have been identified that regulate the transcription of nuclear genes for plastid and non-plastid proteins. These signals are related to the photosynthetic metabolism of chloroplasts and include porphyrins, reactive oxygen intermediates and carotenoids. The metabolic and deve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in Plant Science 2001-10, Vol.6 (10), p.471-478
Main Author: Rodermel, Steve
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
carotenoids
Cell Nucleus - genetics
Cell Nucleus - metabolism
chlorophyll
chloroplasts
Chloroplasts - genetics
Chloroplasts - metabolism
Chloroplasts - radiation effects
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Light
photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - genetics
Photosynthesis - physiology
Photosynthesis - radiation effects
Plant Leaves - cytology
Plant Leaves - genetics
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
plastid signal
porphyrins
redox regulation
Signal Transduction
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Several plastid signals have been identified that regulate the transcription of nuclear genes for plastid and non-plastid proteins. These signals are related to the photosynthetic metabolism of chloroplasts and include porphyrins, reactive oxygen intermediates and carotenoids. The metabolic and developmental state of the chloroplast also control cell differentiation and leaf morphogenesis, but the signaling pathways have not been characterized. Plastid-to-nucleus and light-signaling pathways are separable in some but not all cases. Retrograde signaling thus plays a central role in coordinating gene expression in the nucleus, plastid and mitochondrion, and in integrating pathways of cellular metabolism and development.
ISSN:1360-1385
1878-4372
DOI:10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02085-4