SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer

We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio) Ohio), 2000-08, Vol.5 (4), p.302-311
Main Authors: Baile, Walter F., Buckman, Robert, Lenzi, Renato, Glober, Gary, Beale, Estela A., Kudelka, Andrzej P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Communication
Decision Making
Educational models
Humans
Neoplasms
Physician-Patient Relations
Prognosis
Truth Disclosure
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093
container_end_page 311
container_issue 4
container_start_page 302
container_title The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio)
container_volume 5
creator Baile, Walter F.
Buckman, Robert
Lenzi, Renato
Glober, Gary
Beale, Estela A.
Kudelka, Andrzej P.
description We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.
doi_str_mv 10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_72215766</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>72215766</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkE1OHDEQha0oUfgJR0jkVXYN_u1uJ6thAgQFMSNNkFhhGbsaHPW0O7aHgR1HyCIn5CQxGhbJLqt6Jb33qvQh9J6SfVpzcZBvIQw29OHGp7wvK1Fxwl6hbSqFqoQil6-LJi2vGirVFtpJ6QchRXL2Fm1RomqhVLuNrhbz029Hi6fH3xO88PdPj78WGUY8jyGH0o67EPEX6P0dRD_c4EPj8Dms0yc8GcfeW5N9GHAOuLyD52WDIeO1z7d4agYL8R1605k-wd7L3EUXx0ffp1-rs9nJ6XRyVlkuW1Zx6aSygtFrw2rLXdu2irdQ064WjrjGWsUcBdo4Q5oOhDMdJ9K2jLqOWaL4Lvq46R1j-LmClPXSJwt9bwYIq6Qbxqhs6roY5cZoY0gpQqfH6JcmPmhK9DNY_Q9YLbXQBWzJfXg5sLpegvsrtSFZDJ83hrXv4eH_WvXsfDojz_V_ANyajiM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>72215766</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer</title><source>Open Access: Oxford University Press Open Journals</source><source>EZB Free E-Journals</source><creator>Baile, Walter F. ; Buckman, Robert ; Lenzi, Renato ; Glober, Gary ; Beale, Estela A. ; Kudelka, Andrzej P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Baile, Walter F. ; Buckman, Robert ; Lenzi, Renato ; Glober, Gary ; Beale, Estela A. ; Kudelka, Andrzej P.</creatorcontrib><description>We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1083-7159</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-490X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10964998</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Durham, NC, USA: AlphaMed Press</publisher><subject>Communication ; Decision Making ; Educational models ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Prognosis ; Truth Disclosure</subject><ispartof>The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio), 2000-08, Vol.5 (4), p.302-311</ispartof><rights>2000 AlphaMed Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10964998$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Baile, Walter F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buckman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lenzi, Renato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glober, Gary</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beale, Estela A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kudelka, Andrzej P.</creatorcontrib><title>SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer</title><title>The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio)</title><addtitle>Oncologist</addtitle><description>We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.</description><subject>Communication</subject><subject>Decision Making</subject><subject>Educational models</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Neoplasms</subject><subject>Physician-Patient Relations</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Truth Disclosure</subject><issn>1083-7159</issn><issn>1549-490X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkE1OHDEQha0oUfgJR0jkVXYN_u1uJ6thAgQFMSNNkFhhGbsaHPW0O7aHgR1HyCIn5CQxGhbJLqt6Jb33qvQh9J6SfVpzcZBvIQw29OHGp7wvK1Fxwl6hbSqFqoQil6-LJi2vGirVFtpJ6QchRXL2Fm1RomqhVLuNrhbz029Hi6fH3xO88PdPj78WGUY8jyGH0o67EPEX6P0dRD_c4EPj8Dms0yc8GcfeW5N9GHAOuLyD52WDIeO1z7d4agYL8R1605k-wd7L3EUXx0ffp1-rs9nJ6XRyVlkuW1Zx6aSygtFrw2rLXdu2irdQ064WjrjGWsUcBdo4Q5oOhDMdJ9K2jLqOWaL4Lvq46R1j-LmClPXSJwt9bwYIq6Qbxqhs6roY5cZoY0gpQqfH6JcmPmhK9DNY_Q9YLbXQBWzJfXg5sLpegvsrtSFZDJ83hrXv4eH_WvXsfDojz_V_ANyajiM</recordid><startdate>200008</startdate><enddate>200008</enddate><creator>Baile, Walter F.</creator><creator>Buckman, Robert</creator><creator>Lenzi, Renato</creator><creator>Glober, Gary</creator><creator>Beale, Estela A.</creator><creator>Kudelka, Andrzej P.</creator><general>AlphaMed Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200008</creationdate><title>SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer</title><author>Baile, Walter F. ; Buckman, Robert ; Lenzi, Renato ; Glober, Gary ; Beale, Estela A. ; Kudelka, Andrzej P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Communication</topic><topic>Decision Making</topic><topic>Educational models</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Neoplasms</topic><topic>Physician-Patient Relations</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Truth Disclosure</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Baile, Walter F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buckman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lenzi, Renato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glober, Gary</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beale, Estela A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kudelka, Andrzej P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Baile, Walter F.</au><au>Buckman, Robert</au><au>Lenzi, Renato</au><au>Glober, Gary</au><au>Beale, Estela A.</au><au>Kudelka, Andrzej P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer</atitle><jtitle>The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio)</jtitle><addtitle>Oncologist</addtitle><date>2000-08</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>302</spage><epage>311</epage><pages>302-311</pages><issn>1083-7159</issn><eissn>1549-490X</eissn><abstract>We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information—“breaking bad news”—to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.</abstract><cop>Durham, NC, USA</cop><pub>AlphaMed Press</pub><pmid>10964998</pmid><doi>10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1083-7159
ispartof The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio), 2000-08, Vol.5 (4), p.302-311
issn 1083-7159
1549-490X
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_72215766
source Open Access: Oxford University Press Open Journals; EZB Free E-Journals
subjects Communication
Decision Making
Educational models
Humans
Neoplasms
Physician-Patient Relations
Prognosis
Truth Disclosure
title SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-01T05%3A07%3A12IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SPIKES%E2%80%94A%20Six%E2%80%90Step%20Protocol%20for%20Delivering%20Bad%20News:%20Application%20to%20the%20Patient%20with%20Cancer&rft.jtitle=The%20oncologist%20(Dayton,%20Ohio)&rft.au=Baile,%20Walter%20F.&rft.date=2000-08&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=302&rft.epage=311&rft.pages=302-311&rft.issn=1083-7159&rft.eissn=1549-490X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E72215766%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3582-35d59c421ba26c3d888938e61f64d0d7cc92d1e17da07fe4daf305c821df2c093%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=72215766&rft_id=info:pmid/10964998&rfr_iscdi=true