Marker gene polymorphisms in hyperkinetic disorder – predictors of clinical response to treatment with methylphenidate?

Gene polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and serotonin transporter (5-HTT) are under discussion as potential genetic risk factors for hyperkinetic disorder (HD). In this disorder, treatment with the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin ®) induces calming effects and amelioratio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience letters 2001-11, Vol.313 (1), p.45-48
Main Authors: Seeger, G, Schloss, P, Schmidt, M.H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - drug therapy
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics
Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity
Biological and medical sciences
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Central Nervous System Stimulants - therapeutic use
Child
Child clinical studies
Dopamine receptor
Genetic Markers
Genetic polymorphism
Genotype
Humans
Hyperkinetic disorder
Medical sciences
Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics
Membrane Transport Proteins
Methylphenidate - therapeutic use
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Polymorphism, Genetic
Predictive Value of Tests
Prolactin
Prolactin - blood
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Receptors, Dopamine D2 - genetics
Receptors, Dopamine D4
Risk Factors
Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
Serotonin transporter
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Summary:Gene polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and serotonin transporter (5-HTT) are under discussion as potential genetic risk factors for hyperkinetic disorder (HD). In this disorder, treatment with the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin ®) induces calming effects and amelioration in only 70% of the patients. MPH blocks the reuptake of dopamine, thus enhancing synaptic dopamine which in turn antagonizes the release of prolactin (PL). Genotyping HD patients for DRD4 and 5-HTT polymorphisms and measuring PL concentrations, we report on an association between the combination DRD4*7/5HTT LL genotype and a reduced improvement in general functioning accompanied by different PL levels upon MPH treatment. Thus, our study supports the hypothesis that marker gene polymorphism may be helpful in identifying MPH non-responders.
ISSN:0304-3940
1872-7972
DOI:10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02253-4