Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Determination of Carbon, Total Nitrogen, and Ammonium-N in Dairy Manures

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine nutrient concentrations in dairy manures. We assayed diverse dairy manures (n = 107), collected from dairy farms in the northeastern United States (CT, MD, NY, PA, and V...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dairy science 2000-08, Vol.83 (8), p.1829-1836
Main Authors: Reeves, J. B., III, Van Kessel, J. S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal productions
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Calibration
Carbon - analysis
Cattle - metabolism
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Feasibility Studies
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Manure - analysis
Nitrogen - analysis
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - analysis
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared - methods
Techniques
Terrestrial animal productions
Vertebrates
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine nutrient concentrations in dairy manures. We assayed diverse dairy manures (n = 107), collected from dairy farms in the northeastern United States (CT, MD, NY, PA, and VA) by conventional means and NIRS for total C, total N, NH3-N, moisture, P, K, and pH. Samples were scanned from 400 to 2498 nm in polyethylene bags on a FOSS-NIR-Systems Model 6500 scanning monochromator equipped with a sample transport device. We developed calibrations using a one-out cross validation procedure under partial least-squares regression. Preliminary results showed that eight samples were outliers either because of inaccurate conventional analysis or because they were uncharacteristic (i.e., two samples had moisture content below 72%, while all others were above 78%). These outliers were removed from further consideration. Final calibration results with the remaining 99 samples demonstrated that NIRS can accurately determine the moisture (r2 = 0.945, root mean squared deviation or RMSD = 1.0%), total C (r2 = 0.950, RMSD = 0.40%), total N (r2 = 0.956, RMSD = 0.030%), and NH3-N (r2 = 0.967, RMSD = 0.013%) concentrations, but not P or K concentrations in dairy manures. In conclusion, NIRS was shown to be a viable alternative to conventional analysis procedures for determining moisture, total C, total N, and NH3-N in a very diverse set of dairy manures.
ISSN:0022-0302
1525-3198
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75053-3