Genetic Characterization of the Body Attributed to the Evangelist Luke

Historical sources indicate that the evangelist Luke was born in Syria, died in Greece, and then his body was transferred to Constantinople, and from there to Padua, Italy. To understand whether there is any biological evidence supporting a Syrian origin of the Padua body traditionally attributed to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2001-11, Vol.98 (23), p.13460-13463
Main Authors: Vernesi, Cristiano, Di Benedetto, Giulietta, Caramelli, David, Secchieri, Erica, Simoni, Lucia, Katti, Emile, Malaspina, Patrizia, Novelletto, Andrea, Vito Terribile Wiel Marin, Barbujani, Guido
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Base Sequence
Biological Sciences
Christianity
Coffins
Confidence interval
DNA
DNA Primers
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Evangelists
Famous Persons
Forensic Anthropology
Forensic Dentistry
Forensic genetics
Forensic odontology
Gene pool
Genetics
Human genetics
Human remains
Humans
Luke, Saint (Apostle)
Male
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular Sequence Data
Saints
Sampling distributions
Social Sciences
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Summary:Historical sources indicate that the evangelist Luke was born in Syria, died in Greece, and then his body was transferred to Constantinople, and from there to Padua, Italy. To understand whether there is any biological evidence supporting a Syrian origin of the Padua body traditionally attributed to Luke, or a replacement in Greece or Turkey, the mtDNA was extracted from two teeth and its control region was cloned and typed. The sequence determined in multiple clones is an uncommon variant of a set of alleles that are common in the Mediterranean region. We also collected and typed modern samples from Syria and Greece. By comparison with these population samples, and with samples from Anatolia that were already available in the literature, we could reject the hypothesis that the body belonged to a Greek, rather than a Syrian, individual. However, the probability of an origin in the area of modern Turkey was only insignificantly lower than the probability of a Syrian origin. The genetic evidence is therefore compatible with the possibility that the body comes from Syria, but also with its replacement in Constantinople.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.211540498