Nosocomial Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections: The “Cold War” Has Not Ended

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards during its annual outbreaks. It produces significant morbidity in young children and is most severe in those with underlying conditions, especially cardiopulmonary and immunosuppressive diseases. In older patients, RSV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2000-08, Vol.31 (2), p.590-596
Main Authors: Weinstein, Robert A., Hall, Caroline Breese
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Cross Infection - prevention & control
Cross Infection - virology
Disease transmission
Diseases
Human respiratory syncytial virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infant
Infection Control
Infections
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Pediatrics
Respiratory syncytial virus infections
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - epidemiology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - prevention & control
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - transmission
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - virology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human - physiology
Respiratory syncytial viruses
Special Section: Healthcare Epidemiology
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ent viral diseases
Viruses
Washing
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Summary:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards during its annual outbreaks. It produces significant morbidity in young children and is most severe in those with underlying conditions, especially cardiopulmonary and immunosuppressive diseases. In older patients, RSV may exacerbate an underlying condition or pulmonary and cardiac manifestations. On transplant units, of RSV may be occult and is associated with high mortality rates. The manifestations of nosocomial RSV infections may be atypical, especially in neonates and immunosuppressed patients, resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis and adding appreciably to the costs of hospitalization. RSV is primarily spread by close contact with infectious secretions, either by large-particle aerosols or by fomites and subsequent self-inoculation, and medical staff are often instrumental in its transmission. Thus, integral to any infection control program is the education of personnel about the modes of transmission, the manifestations, and the importance of RSV nosocomial infections. Hand washing is probably the most important infection control procedure. The choice of barrier controls should be decided by individual institutions depending on the patients, the type of ward, and the benefit relative to cost.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1086/313960