Glenohumeral contact forces

Abstract Glenohumeral contact forces have only been calculated previously either for simple abduction or for athletic activities. The objective of this study was to determine the glenohumeral contact forces for tasks which are demanding of the shoulder but which would commonly be performed by older...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine Journal of engineering in medicine, 2000-01, Vol.214 (6), p.637-644
Main Authors: Anglin, C, Wyss, U P, Pichora, D R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of Daily Living
Biological and medical sciences
Biomechanical Phenomena
Female
Finite element method
Force measurement
Humans
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Lifting
Male
Mathematical models
Mechanical testing
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Models, Biological
Osteoarticular system. Muscles
Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques
Prosthetics
Reference Values
Shoulder Joint - physiology
Sports - physiology
Stress, Mechanical
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Summary:Abstract Glenohumeral contact forces have only been calculated previously either for simple abduction or for athletic activities. The objective of this study was to determine the glenohumeral contact forces for tasks which are demanding of the shoulder but which would commonly be performed by older people. The functional tasks chosen were using the arms to stand up from and sit down into a chair, walking with a cane, lifting a 5 kg box to shoulder height with both hands, and lifting a 10 kg suitcase. The trunk angles, arm angles and hand loads of six healthy subjects, average age 55 years, were recorded. This information was input into a biomechanical computer model which optimized the muscle force distribution by minimizing the sum of squared muscle stresses subject to constraints on the maximum muscle forces and maintaining the direction of the resultant force within the glenoid fossa. Average contact forces ranged from 1.3 to 2.4 times body weight (930-1720 N), the highest force being for lifting a suitcase. This latter value would be even higher if lifting either a greater load or to a greater height. Thus, contact forces at the shoulder should not be underestimated. This study provides functionally relevant contact forces which can be used for mechanical testing or finite element modelling of shoulder prostheses.
ISSN:0954-4119
2041-3033
DOI:10.1243/0954411001535660