Molecular Study of the Sodium–Iodide Symporter (NIS): A New Field in Thyroidology

The active transport of iodide into the thyroid is mediated by the Na+–I− symporter (NIS), an intrinsic membrane protein. NIS plays key roles in thyroid pathophysiology as the route by which I− reaches the gland for thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and as a means for diagnostic scintigraphic imaging an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 2000-04, Vol.11 (3), p.99-105
Main Authors: Dohan, Orsolya, De la Vieja, Antonio, Carrasco, Nancy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Evolution
Cancer
Carrier Proteins - chemistry
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Carrier Proteins - physiology
DNA, Complementary - genetics
Electrophysiology
Endocrinopathies
Gene Expression Regulation
Health
Humans
Iodide
Ion transport
ITD (iodide transport defect)
Medical sciences
Membrane proteins
Membrane Proteins - chemistry
Membrane Proteins - genetics
Membrane Proteins - physiology
NIS (sodium, iodide symporter)
Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms
Symporters
Thyroid
Thyroid Gland - physiology
Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases)
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Summary:The active transport of iodide into the thyroid is mediated by the Na+–I− symporter (NIS), an intrinsic membrane protein. NIS plays key roles in thyroid pathophysiology as the route by which I− reaches the gland for thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and as a means for diagnostic scintigraphic imaging and for radioiodide therapy in thyroid cancer. The molecular characterization of NIS started with the isolation in 1996 of a cDNA encoding rat NIS, and has subsequently led to a virtually new field in thyroidology. The research reviewed in this article clearly has far-reaching implications in the areas of structure/function of transport proteins, thyroid pathophysiology, hormone action mechanisms, cell differentiation and cancer.
ISSN:1043-2760
1879-3061
DOI:10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00237-X