Anti-monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene therapy limits progression and destabilization of established atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice

• Published in: Circulation (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2002-11, Vol.106 (21), p.2700-2706
• Main Authors: INOUE, Shujiro, EGASHIRA, Kensuke, NI, Weihua, KITAMOTO, Shiro, USUI, Makoto, OTANI, Kisho, ISHIBASHI, Minako, HIASA, Ken-Ichi, NISHIDA, Ken-Ichi, TAKESHITA, Akira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Apolipoproteins E - deficiency; Apolipoproteins E - genetics; Arteriosclerosis - genetics; Arteriosclerosis - pathology; Arteriosclerosis - therapy; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Cardiology. Vascular system; CD40 Antigens - metabolism; CD40 Ligand - metabolism; Chemokine CCL2 - antagonists & inhibitors; Chemokine CCL2 - genetics; Chemokine CCL2 - metabolism; Chemokines - genetics; Chemokines - metabolism; Collagenases - metabolism; Cytokines - genetics; Cytokines - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy - methods; Hypercholesterolemia - genetics; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - metabolism; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Peptide Fragments - administration & dosage; Peptide Fragments - genetics; Receptors, CCR2; Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signal Transduction - genetics; T-Lymphocytes - pathology; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation - drug effects
• ISSN: 0009-7322; 1524-4539
• DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000038140.80105.ad

Monocyte infiltration into the arterial wall and its activation is the central event in atherogenesis. Thus, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) might be a novel therapeutic target against atherogenesis. We and others recently reported that blockade or abrogation of the MCP-1 pathway attenuates the initiation of atheroma formation in hypercholesterolemic mice. It remains unclear, however, whether blockade of MCP-1 can limit progression or destabilization of established lesions. We report here that blockade of MCP-1 by transfecting an N-terminal deletion mutant of the MCP-1 gene limited progression of preexisting atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root in hypercholesterolemic mice. In addition, blockade of MCP-1 changed the lesion composition into a more stable phenotype, ie, containing fewer macrophages and lymphocytes, less lipid, and more smooth muscle cells and collagen. This strategy decreased expression of CD40 and the CD40 ligand in the atherosclerotic plaque and normalized the increased chemokine (RANTES and MCP-1) and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta, and transforming growth factor beta(1)) gene expression. These data suggest that MCP-1 is a central mediator in the progression and destabilization of established atheroma. The results of the present study suggest that the inflammatory responses mediated by MCP-1 are important in atherosclerosis and its complications.