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Maximal strength-training effects on force-velocity and force-power relationships explain increases in aerobic performance in humans
Maximal strength-training with an emphasis on maximal mobilization during cross-country skiing increases exercise economy when double-poling. The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the mechanism of this increase is a change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power o...
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Published in: | European journal of applied physiology 2002-12, Vol.88 (3), p.255-263 |
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creator | Østerås, Håvard Helgerud, Jan Hoff, Jan |
description | Maximal strength-training with an emphasis on maximal mobilization during cross-country skiing increases exercise economy when double-poling. The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the mechanism of this increase is a change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output. A group of 19 cross-country skiers having an average peak oxygen uptake of 255 ml x kg(-0.67) body mass x min(-1) or 61 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) were randomly assigned to either a high resistance-training group (n=10) or a control group (n=9). Upper body endurance was tested on a ski ergometer. The high-resistance-training group trained for 15 min on three occasions a week for 9 weeks. Training consisted of three series of five repetitions using 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM), with emphasis on high velocity in the concentric part of the movement. Upper body exercise economy, 1RM and time to exhaustion increased significantly in the high resistance-training group, but was unchanged in the control group. Peak power and the velocities for a given load increased significantly, except for the two lowest loads. We conclude that the increased exercise economy after a period of upper body high resistance-training can be partly explained by a specific change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00421-002-0717-y |
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The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the mechanism of this increase is a change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output. A group of 19 cross-country skiers having an average peak oxygen uptake of 255 ml x kg(-0.67) body mass x min(-1) or 61 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) were randomly assigned to either a high resistance-training group (n=10) or a control group (n=9). Upper body endurance was tested on a ski ergometer. The high-resistance-training group trained for 15 min on three occasions a week for 9 weeks. Training consisted of three series of five repetitions using 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM), with emphasis on high velocity in the concentric part of the movement. Upper body exercise economy, 1RM and time to exhaustion increased significantly in the high resistance-training group, but was unchanged in the control group. Peak power and the velocities for a given load increased significantly, except for the two lowest loads. We conclude that the increased exercise economy after a period of upper body high resistance-training can be partly explained by a specific change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1439-6319</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-6327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00421-002-0717-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12458369</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Springer Nature B.V</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anaerobic threshold ; Cross country skiing ; Ergometry ; Exercise ; Humans ; Male ; Maximum oxygen consumption ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Physical Education and Training ; Physical Endurance ; Physical fitness ; Reference Values ; Skiing ; Velocity ; Weight Lifting - physiology</subject><ispartof>European journal of applied physiology, 2002-12, Vol.88 (3), p.255-263</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-ef1a31d911d30fcbc9981395303507cb7665d45b43f728c77857fa5962df50013</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12458369$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Østerås, Håvard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Helgerud, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoff, Jan</creatorcontrib><title>Maximal strength-training effects on force-velocity and force-power relationships explain increases in aerobic performance in humans</title><title>European journal of applied physiology</title><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><description>Maximal strength-training with an emphasis on maximal mobilization during cross-country skiing increases exercise economy when double-poling. The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the mechanism of this increase is a change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output. A group of 19 cross-country skiers having an average peak oxygen uptake of 255 ml x kg(-0.67) body mass x min(-1) or 61 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) were randomly assigned to either a high resistance-training group (n=10) or a control group (n=9). Upper body endurance was tested on a ski ergometer. The high-resistance-training group trained for 15 min on three occasions a week for 9 weeks. Training consisted of three series of five repetitions using 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM), with emphasis on high velocity in the concentric part of the movement. Upper body exercise economy, 1RM and time to exhaustion increased significantly in the high resistance-training group, but was unchanged in the control group. Peak power and the velocities for a given load increased significantly, except for the two lowest loads. We conclude that the increased exercise economy after a period of upper body high resistance-training can be partly explained by a specific change in the force-velocity relationship and the mechanical power output.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anaerobic threshold</subject><subject>Cross country skiing</subject><subject>Ergometry</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maximum oxygen consumption</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption</subject><subject>Physical Education and Training</subject><subject>Physical Endurance</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Skiing</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><subject>Weight Lifting - physiology</subject><issn>1439-6319</issn><issn>1439-6327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkU-LFDEQxYMo7rr6AbxI8OAtWkk6neQoi_9gxYueQzpd2emlJ2mTbt25-8HNMIOCF0_1KN57UPUj5DmH1xxAv6kAneAMQDDQXLPDA3LJO2lZL4V--Edze0Ge1HoHAEZw85hccNEpI3t7SX599vfT3s-0rgXT7bpja_FTmtItxRgxrJXmRGMuAdkPnHOY1gP1aTyvlvwTCy04-3XKqe6mpVK8X-ZWQacUCvqKtSnqseRhCnTB0pJ7nwIe17utyfqUPIp-rvjsPK_It_fvvl5_ZDdfPny6fnvDQifkyjByL_loOR8lxDAEaw2XVkmQCnQYdN-rsVNDJ6MWJmhtlI5e2V6MUQFweUVenXqXkr9vWFe3n2rAefYJ81adFlooUP1_jdz0tr0QmvHlP8a7vJXUjnDGSi21NbKZ-MkUSq61YHRLaT8vB8fBHUG6E0jXQLojSHdomRfn4m3Y4_g3cSYnfwMOoprO</recordid><startdate>20021201</startdate><enddate>20021201</enddate><creator>Østerås, Håvard</creator><creator>Helgerud, Jan</creator><creator>Hoff, Jan</creator><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20021201</creationdate><title>Maximal strength-training effects on force-velocity and force-power relationships explain increases in aerobic performance in humans</title><author>Østerås, Håvard ; 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subjects | Adult Anaerobic threshold Cross country skiing Ergometry Exercise Humans Male Maximum oxygen consumption Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Oxygen Consumption Physical Education and Training Physical Endurance Physical fitness Reference Values Skiing Velocity Weight Lifting - physiology |
title | Maximal strength-training effects on force-velocity and force-power relationships explain increases in aerobic performance in humans |
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