Effects of prior trauma and age on posttraumatic stress symptoms in Asian and Middle Eastern immigrants after terrorism in the community

Forty-five adult Asian and Middle Eastern immigrants living in Oklahoma City at the time of the 1995 bombing were surveyed 114 to 2 years later as part of a disaster mental health outreach program. Demographic variables, physical and interpersonal exposure, initial physiologic and emotional response...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Community mental health journal 2002-12, Vol.38 (6), p.459-474
Main Authors: TRAUTMAN, Richard, TUCKER, Phebe, PFEFFERBAUM, Betty, LENSGRAF, S. Jay, DOUGHTY, Debby E, BUKSH, Azra, MILLER, Peteryne D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Age
Aged
Anxiety disorders. Neuroses
Asia - ethnology
Asian people
Biological and medical sciences
Bombings
Community-Institutional Relations
Disasters
Explosions
Female
Humans
Immigrants
Male
Medical sciences
Mental health
Middle Aged
Middle East - ethnology
Middle Eastern people
Noncitizens
Oklahoma City
Post traumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Predictors
Prior
Psychological trauma
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - ethnology
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Terrorism
Time Factors
Trauma
United States - epidemiology
USA
Variables
Citations: Items that cite this one
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Description
Summary:Forty-five adult Asian and Middle Eastern immigrants living in Oklahoma City at the time of the 1995 bombing were surveyed 114 to 2 years later as part of a disaster mental health outreach program. Demographic variables, physical and interpersonal exposure, initial physiologic and emotional responses to the bombing, and posttraumatic stress symptoms associated with this disaster and with earlier trauma were measured. Most participants had experienced prior trauma in their homeland. PTSD symptomatology from prior trauma was most predictive of initial physiologic and emotional response and of later bomb-related PTSD symptoms. Bomb-related PTSD symptoms increased with current age and were inversely related to age at the time of prior trauma. Results underscore the importance of providing long-term disaster assistance to immigrants with prior trauma.
ISSN:0010-3853
1573-2789
DOI:10.1023/A:1020828117698