p53 Mutations in human malignant gliomas : comparison of loss of heterozygosity with mutation frequency

Mutations in the p53 gene were analyzed in 40 gliomas using the single strand conformation polymorphism assay together with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to assess loss of heterozygosity for 17p alleles in the same tumors. Mutations occurred in 40% of the gliomas and were found i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Ill.), 1992-03, Vol.52 (6), p.1427-1433
Main Authors: FRANKEL, R. H, BAYONA, W, KOSLOW, M, NEWCOMB, E. W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alleles
Amino Acid Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Blotting, Southern
Brain Neoplasms - genetics
Child
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
Codon
Female
Genes, p53
Genes, Retinoblastoma
Glioma - genetics
Heterozygote
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutation - genetics
Neurology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymorphism, Genetic
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses
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Summary:Mutations in the p53 gene were analyzed in 40 gliomas using the single strand conformation polymorphism assay together with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to assess loss of heterozygosity for 17p alleles in the same tumors. Mutations occurred in 40% of the gliomas and were found in exons 4-8 of the p53 gene. G:C to T:A transversions, which occur in high frequency in some lung (greater than 50%), liver (greater than 80%), breast (30%), and esophageal cancers (25%), were noted in greater than 25% of the gliomas studied here. These transversions were clustered in exon 5 from codons 156 to 168, a region of the p53 gene not previously associated with a high frequency of mutation, and may represent a new hot spot for mutations in certain cancers. The majority of gliomas (27 of 38) analyzed here retained both 17p alleles. The frequency of p53 mutations was 37% in this group of tumors and increased to 64% in tumors with one 17p allele. Allelic loss for chromosome 17p occurred in 4 of 11 gliomas independently of mutations in the p53 gene. Absence of p53 mutations in 36% of the tumors with one 17p allele suggests that a tumor suppressor gene other than p53 may be located on chromosome 17p and involved in progression to malignancy of some gliomas.
ISSN:0008-5472
1538-7445