Gene Structure, Dual-promoters and mRNA Alternative Splicing of the Human and Mouse Regulator of G Protein Signaling GAIP/RGS19

Here we report the gene structure and transcription regulation of the human and mouse G protein-signaling regulator GAIP/RGS19. The GAIP/RGS19 gene is adjacent to and in an opposite orientation to the opioid-receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL1) gene. In both human and mouse, the GAIP/RGS19 gene is compos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of molecular biology 2003-01, Vol.325 (4), p.721-732
Main Authors: Xie, Guo-xi, Han, Xiaokang, Ito, Emi, Yanagisawa, Yuka, Maruyama, Kazuo, Sugano, Sumio, Suzuki, Yutaka, Wang, Yan, Gabriel, Anja, Stevens, Sarah K., Mitchell, James, Sharma, Manohar, Palmer, Pamela Pierce
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative Splicing
Animals
Base Sequence
Binding Sites - genetics
Cell Line
core-promoter competition
DNA - genetics
DNA - metabolism
exon splice
Exons
G protein-coupled receptor
Genomics
GTPase-activating protein
Humans
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
ORL1
Phosphoproteins - genetics
Phosphoproteins - metabolism
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Protein Isoforms - genetics
Protein Isoforms - metabolism
RGS Proteins
RNA, Messenger - genetics
Tissue Distribution
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Here we report the gene structure and transcription regulation of the human and mouse G protein-signaling regulator GAIP/RGS19. The GAIP/RGS19 gene is adjacent to and in an opposite orientation to the opioid-receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL1) gene. In both human and mouse, the GAIP/RGS19 gene is composed of seven exons. The first two exons are under the control of two different promoters and are alternatively employed to start the transcription of two 5′ distinctive mRNAs. The two promoters appear to compete with and inhibit each other. We have also identified in mice an alternatively spliced short GAIP/RGS19 mRNA that lacks the exon 2 region and utilizes an ATG in exon 3 as its translation initiation codon. As a result, the short GAIP/RGS19 protein does not have the N-terminal 22 amino acid residues of a full-length isoform. GAIP/RGS19 alternative splicing patterns are differentially expressed in various tissues. The mRNA alternative splicing to produce multiple isoforms may play a significant role in regulating the function and selectivity of GAIP/RGS19.
ISSN:0022-2836
1089-8638
DOI:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01283-4