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Neuroprotection by aminoguanidine after lateral fluid-percussive brain injury in rats: a combined magnetic resonance imaging, histopathologic and functional study

The present study examined the effects of a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, aminoguanidine (AG), on neuronal cell survival and post-traumatic recovery in rats following a lateral fluid percussive brain injury. Daily treatment of AG at the dosage of 100 mg/kg or normal sal...

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Published in:Neuropharmacology 2003-02, Vol.44 (2), p.253-263
Main Authors: Lu, Jia, Moochhala, Shabbir, Shirhan, Md, Ng, Kian Chye, Teo, Ai Ling, Tan, Mui Hong, Moore, Xiao Lei, Wong, Meng Cheong, Ling, Eng Ang
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container_title Neuropharmacology
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creator Lu, Jia
Moochhala, Shabbir
Shirhan, Md
Ng, Kian Chye
Teo, Ai Ling
Tan, Mui Hong
Moore, Xiao Lei
Wong, Meng Cheong
Ling, Eng Ang
description The present study examined the effects of a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, aminoguanidine (AG), on neuronal cell survival and post-traumatic recovery in rats following a lateral fluid percussive brain injury. Daily treatment of AG at the dosage of 100 mg/kg or normal saline was given intraperitoneally into rats starting 2 h before or 30 min after brain injury. Treatment with AG significantly reduced lesion volumes in the brains of rats after injury, as evaluated by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Immunohistochemical analysis showed a marked induction of iNOS expression in brain macrophages ipsilateral to the injury. Apoptotic neurons were observed in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex by in situ terminal transferase d-UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry. In rats receiving prophylactic or post-injury treatment of AG, the number of degenerating neurons was markedly reduced in the cerebrum compared to those receiving saline injection. The location and extent of these pathologic changes correlated with MRI findings. Neurobehavioral studies showed that rotametric performance, grip-strength score, total and ambulatory locomotor responses and acoustic startle response were reduced in rats subjected to the injury but were significantly improved in AG-treated rats. It is suggested that inhibition of iNOS by AG may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00380-5
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Neurobehavioral studies showed that rotametric performance, grip-strength score, total and ambulatory locomotor responses and acoustic startle response were reduced in rats subjected to the injury but were significantly improved in AG-treated rats. 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source ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024
subjects Aminoguanidine
Animals
Antigens, CD
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antigens, Surface
Avian Proteins
Basigin
Behaviour
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Proteins
Brain Injuries - drug therapy
Brain Injuries - pathology
Brain Injuries - physiopathology
Caspase 3
Caspases - metabolism
Cerebral Cortex - cytology
Cerebral Cortex - metabolism
Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology
Disease Models, Animal
Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Guanidines - therapeutic use
Hand Strength - physiology
Immunohistochemistry - methods
In Situ Nick-End Labeling - methods
Lateral fluid-percussive brain injury
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Medical sciences
Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism
Motor Activity - drug effects
Neuronal apoptosis
Neuropharmacology
Neuroprotection
Neuroprotective agent
Nitric Oxide Synthase - antagonists & inhibitors
Nitric Oxide Synthase - genetics
Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Psychomotor Performance - drug effects
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Reflex, Acoustic - drug effects
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger - analysis
Time Factors
title Neuroprotection by aminoguanidine after lateral fluid-percussive brain injury in rats: a combined magnetic resonance imaging, histopathologic and functional study
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