Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Seropositivity among Uninfected HIV Vaccine Recipients

Since 1987, >10,000 individuals worldwide have received immunizations with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preventive vaccine constructs. Many constructs elicit antibodies detected by standard serologic tests (enzyme immunoassays, rapid tests, and Western blots) and result in vaccine recipient...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2003-03, Vol.187 (6), p.879-886
Main Authors: Ackers, Marta-Louise, Parekh, Bharat, Evans, Thomas G, Berman, Phillip, Phillips, Susan, Allen, Mary, McDougal, J. Steven
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
AIDS Vaccines - administration & dosage
AIDS Vaccines - immunology
Biological and medical sciences
Blotting, Western
Canarypox virus - genetics
Genetic Vectors
HIV Antibodies - analysis
HIV Antibodies - blood
HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - immunology
HIV Envelope Protein gp160 - immunology
HIV Seropositivity - blood
HIV-1 - immunology
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Recombination, Genetic
United States
Vaccination
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Vaccinia virus - genetics
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
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Summary:Since 1987, >10,000 individuals worldwide have received immunizations with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preventive vaccine constructs. Many constructs elicit antibodies detected by standard serologic tests (enzyme immunoassays, rapid tests, and Western blots) and result in vaccine recipients’ serum being identified as reactive and indicative of HIV infection. To determine the frequency of vaccine-induced HIV antibody among uninfected HIV vaccine trial participants and to identify factors associated with these results, serum samples from HIV-uninfected participants from selected United States phase I/II HIV-1 vaccine trials were tested with 6 serologic screening tests. Reactive specimens were tested by use of Western blot. Overall, 490 serum specimens from 461 vaccine recipients were tested; 100 (20.4%) reacted on at least 1 serologic test, and 65 (13%) were determined to be positive by Western blot. Canarypox or vaccinia vaccine recipients’ serum with or without HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp120 or gp160) boosts accounted for all positive Western blot results; no positive Western blot results were obtained from gp120 subunit recipients. The potential for vaccine recipients being misclassified as HIV infected increased with vaccine complexity
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/368169