Pathogenic Potential of Filoviruses: Role of Geographic Origin of Primate Host and Virus Strain

African filoviruses have caused outbreaks of fulminating hemorrhagic feveramong humans. In 1989, related filoviruses were isolated from cynomolgus monkeys imported into the United States from the Philippines. The pathogenic potential of these new filoviruses was compared in 16 Asian monkeys (Macaca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 1992-10, Vol.166 (4), p.753-763
Main Authors: Fisher-Hoch, Susan P., Brammer, T. Lynnette, Trappier, Sam G., Hutwagner, Lori C., Farrar, Bertha B., Ruo, Suyu L., Brown, Bobby G., Hermann, Linda M., Perez-Oronoz, Gilda I., Goldsmith, Cynthia S., Hanes, Martha A., McCormick, Joseph B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Africa
Animals
Antibodies
Antigens
Asia
Biological and medical sciences
Cercopithecus aethiops
Disease outbreaks
Ebola virus
Experimental viral diseases and models
Filoviridae
Filoviridae - pathogenicity
Infections
Infectious diseases
Liver - pathology
Macaca fascicularis
Major Articles
Marburg virus disease
Medical sciences
Monkeys
Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay
Species Specificity
Viral diseases
Viral Proteins - analysis
Viremia
Virus Diseases - blood
Virus Diseases - mortality
Virus Diseases - physiopathology
Viruses
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Summary:African filoviruses have caused outbreaks of fulminating hemorrhagic feveramong humans. In 1989, related filoviruses were isolated from cynomolgus monkeys imported into the United States from the Philippines. The pathogenic potential of these new filoviruses was compared in 16 Asian monkeys (Macaca fascicularis—cynomolgus) and 16 African monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops—African green) using African filoviruses from Zaire (Ebola virus) and Sudan or Asian filoviruses (Reston and Pennsylvania). African filovirus infections resulted in earlier death (P = .005), had a shorter duration of disease and median incubation period (3–4 vs. 7 days), and had earlier peak viremia (5–7 vs. 7–9 days). African green monkeys showed significantly higher survival than cynomolgusmonkeys (P < .01), and some were asymptomatic as have been humans accidentally infected with Asian filovirus. Rechallenge experiments showed that protection in survivors of filovirus infections against fatal challenge with Ebola (Zaire) virus is unpredictable. The minimal clinical disease observed in humans infected with the Reston strain is consistent with host- and virus-dependent pathogenicity.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/166.4.753