Loading…
Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle
Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from 41,131 crossbred cows and...
Saved in:
Published in: | Journal of dairy science 2003-03, Vol.86 (3), p.1036-1044 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733 |
---|---|
cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733 |
container_end_page | 1044 |
container_issue | 3 |
container_start_page | 1036 |
container_title | Journal of dairy science |
container_volume | 86 |
creator | VanRaden, P.M. Sanders, A.H. |
description | Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from 41,131 crossbred cows and 726,344 purebreds born from 1960 through 1991. The model for test-day yields and SCS included effects of herd-year-season, age, lactation stage, regression on sire's predicted transmitting ability, additive breed effects, heterosis, and recombination. The model for PL included herd-year-season, breed effects, and general heterosis. All effects were assumed to be additive, but estimates of heterosis were converted to a percentage of the parent breed average for reporting. Estimates of general heterosis were 3.4% for milk yield, 4.4% for fat yield, and 4.1% for protein yield. A coefficient of general recombination was derived for multiple-breed crosses, but recombination effects were not well estimated and small gains, not losses, were observed for yield traits in later generations. Heterosis for SCS was not significant. Estimated heterosis for PL was 1.2% of mean productive life and remained constant across the range of birth years. Protein yield of Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (0.94 kg/d) equaled protein yield of purebred Holsteins. Fat yields of Jersey×Holstein and Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (1.14 and 1.13 kg/d, respectively) slightly exceeded that of Holsteins (1.12 kg/d). With cheese yield pricing and with all traits considered, profit from these crosses exceeded that of Holsteins for matings at breed bases. For elite matings, Holsteins were favored because the range of evaluations is smaller and genetic progress is slower in breeds other than Holstein, in part because fewer bulls are sampled. A combined national evaluation of data for all breeds and crossbreds may be desirable but would require an extensive programming effort. Animals should receive credit for heterosis when considered as mates for another breed. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73687-X |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73194220</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S002203020373687X</els_id><sourcerecordid>318436471</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkF1rFDEUhoModq3-BRkFxV5MzUkmmeRSxtoKFYVa6F3IJGdtlvlokxml_97M7tIFr7xJOPCcj_ch5A3QUw5Sfdz4dHpFKWMl5ZR9oPyk5lLV5c0TsgLBRMlBq6dk9YgckRcpbXIJjIrn5AhYTbmsYEXUmRuHsQ-u-IYxTMW4Lpo4ptRG9IUdfPFjjrgtrq-KzzbEh6Kx09ThS_JsbbuEr_b_Mbn-cvazuSgvv59_bT5dlk4Am0rHaleBAtdy5hVyLX2rJAJ6jVRZzamvuKYVr6hgUoGWTlvdIjKR0ZrzY_J-N_cujvczpsn0ITnsOjvgOCdT56wVYzSDb_8BN-Mch3ybAS0UVUCXaXoHuSVkxLW5i6G38cEANYtbk92arVuziMuP2bo1N7n39X7B3PboD517mRl4twdscrZbRzu4kA5cJRkTAg6RbsOv2z8hokm97bo8Fpb1Shqez-Eyg80OxCz4d8Bokgs4OPS5yU3Gj-E_7v4L2F6i1A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>195808103</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle</title><source>ScienceDirect</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><creator>VanRaden, P.M. ; Sanders, A.H.</creator><creatorcontrib>VanRaden, P.M. ; Sanders, A.H.</creatorcontrib><description>Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from 41,131 crossbred cows and 726,344 purebreds born from 1960 through 1991. The model for test-day yields and SCS included effects of herd-year-season, age, lactation stage, regression on sire's predicted transmitting ability, additive breed effects, heterosis, and recombination. The model for PL included herd-year-season, breed effects, and general heterosis. All effects were assumed to be additive, but estimates of heterosis were converted to a percentage of the parent breed average for reporting. Estimates of general heterosis were 3.4% for milk yield, 4.4% for fat yield, and 4.1% for protein yield. A coefficient of general recombination was derived for multiple-breed crosses, but recombination effects were not well estimated and small gains, not losses, were observed for yield traits in later generations. Heterosis for SCS was not significant. Estimated heterosis for PL was 1.2% of mean productive life and remained constant across the range of birth years. Protein yield of Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (0.94 kg/d) equaled protein yield of purebred Holsteins. Fat yields of Jersey×Holstein and Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (1.14 and 1.13 kg/d, respectively) slightly exceeded that of Holsteins (1.12 kg/d). With cheese yield pricing and with all traits considered, profit from these crosses exceeded that of Holsteins for matings at breed bases. For elite matings, Holsteins were favored because the range of evaluations is smaller and genetic progress is slower in breeds other than Holstein, in part because fewer bulls are sampled. A combined national evaluation of data for all breeds and crossbreds may be desirable but would require an extensive programming effort. Animals should receive credit for heterosis when considered as mates for another breed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73687-X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12703641</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Savoy, IL: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Aging ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; breed difference ; Breeding ; Cattle - genetics ; Cell Count ; crossbreeding ; Crosses, Genetic ; Dairy cattle ; Dairying - economics ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; heterosis ; Hybrid Vigor ; Income ; Lactation - genetics ; Longevity - genetics ; Male ; Milk - cytology ; Pregnancy ; Seasons ; Terrestrial animal productions ; United States ; Vertebrates</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy science, 2003-03, Vol.86 (3), p.1036-1044</ispartof><rights>2003 American Dairy Science Association</rights><rights>2003 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Dairy Science Association Mar 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002203020373687X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3549,27924,27925,45780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14622551$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12703641$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>VanRaden, P.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, A.H.</creatorcontrib><title>Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle</title><title>Journal of dairy science</title><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><description>Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from 41,131 crossbred cows and 726,344 purebreds born from 1960 through 1991. The model for test-day yields and SCS included effects of herd-year-season, age, lactation stage, regression on sire's predicted transmitting ability, additive breed effects, heterosis, and recombination. The model for PL included herd-year-season, breed effects, and general heterosis. All effects were assumed to be additive, but estimates of heterosis were converted to a percentage of the parent breed average for reporting. Estimates of general heterosis were 3.4% for milk yield, 4.4% for fat yield, and 4.1% for protein yield. A coefficient of general recombination was derived for multiple-breed crosses, but recombination effects were not well estimated and small gains, not losses, were observed for yield traits in later generations. Heterosis for SCS was not significant. Estimated heterosis for PL was 1.2% of mean productive life and remained constant across the range of birth years. Protein yield of Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (0.94 kg/d) equaled protein yield of purebred Holsteins. Fat yields of Jersey×Holstein and Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (1.14 and 1.13 kg/d, respectively) slightly exceeded that of Holsteins (1.12 kg/d). With cheese yield pricing and with all traits considered, profit from these crosses exceeded that of Holsteins for matings at breed bases. For elite matings, Holsteins were favored because the range of evaluations is smaller and genetic progress is slower in breeds other than Holstein, in part because fewer bulls are sampled. A combined national evaluation of data for all breeds and crossbreds may be desirable but would require an extensive programming effort. Animals should receive credit for heterosis when considered as mates for another breed.</description><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>breed difference</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Cattle - genetics</subject><subject>Cell Count</subject><subject>crossbreeding</subject><subject>Crosses, Genetic</subject><subject>Dairy cattle</subject><subject>Dairying - economics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>heterosis</subject><subject>Hybrid Vigor</subject><subject>Income</subject><subject>Lactation - genetics</subject><subject>Longevity - genetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Milk - cytology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkF1rFDEUhoModq3-BRkFxV5MzUkmmeRSxtoKFYVa6F3IJGdtlvlokxml_97M7tIFr7xJOPCcj_ch5A3QUw5Sfdz4dHpFKWMl5ZR9oPyk5lLV5c0TsgLBRMlBq6dk9YgckRcpbXIJjIrn5AhYTbmsYEXUmRuHsQ-u-IYxTMW4Lpo4ptRG9IUdfPFjjrgtrq-KzzbEh6Kx09ThS_JsbbuEr_b_Mbn-cvazuSgvv59_bT5dlk4Am0rHaleBAtdy5hVyLX2rJAJ6jVRZzamvuKYVr6hgUoGWTlvdIjKR0ZrzY_J-N_cujvczpsn0ITnsOjvgOCdT56wVYzSDb_8BN-Mch3ybAS0UVUCXaXoHuSVkxLW5i6G38cEANYtbk92arVuziMuP2bo1N7n39X7B3PboD517mRl4twdscrZbRzu4kA5cJRkTAg6RbsOv2z8hokm97bo8Fpb1Shqez-Eyg80OxCz4d8Bokgs4OPS5yU3Gj-E_7v4L2F6i1A</recordid><startdate>20030301</startdate><enddate>20030301</enddate><creator>VanRaden, P.M.</creator><creator>Sanders, A.H.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030301</creationdate><title>Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle</title><author>VanRaden, P.M. ; Sanders, A.H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>breed difference</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Cattle - genetics</topic><topic>Cell Count</topic><topic>crossbreeding</topic><topic>Crosses, Genetic</topic><topic>Dairy cattle</topic><topic>Dairying - economics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>heterosis</topic><topic>Hybrid Vigor</topic><topic>Income</topic><topic>Lactation - genetics</topic><topic>Longevity - genetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Milk - cytology</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>VanRaden, P.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, A.H.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agriculture Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>VanRaden, P.M.</au><au>Sanders, A.H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2003-03-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1036</spage><epage>1044</epage><pages>1036-1044</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>Heterosis and breed differences were estimated for milk yield traits, somatic cell score (SCS), and productive life (PL), a measure of longevity. Yield trait data were from 10,442 crossbreds and 140,421 purebreds born since 1990 in 572 herds. Productive life data were from 41,131 crossbred cows and 726,344 purebreds born from 1960 through 1991. The model for test-day yields and SCS included effects of herd-year-season, age, lactation stage, regression on sire's predicted transmitting ability, additive breed effects, heterosis, and recombination. The model for PL included herd-year-season, breed effects, and general heterosis. All effects were assumed to be additive, but estimates of heterosis were converted to a percentage of the parent breed average for reporting. Estimates of general heterosis were 3.4% for milk yield, 4.4% for fat yield, and 4.1% for protein yield. A coefficient of general recombination was derived for multiple-breed crosses, but recombination effects were not well estimated and small gains, not losses, were observed for yield traits in later generations. Heterosis for SCS was not significant. Estimated heterosis for PL was 1.2% of mean productive life and remained constant across the range of birth years. Protein yield of Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (0.94 kg/d) equaled protein yield of purebred Holsteins. Fat yields of Jersey×Holstein and Brown Swiss×Holstein crossbreds (1.14 and 1.13 kg/d, respectively) slightly exceeded that of Holsteins (1.12 kg/d). With cheese yield pricing and with all traits considered, profit from these crosses exceeded that of Holsteins for matings at breed bases. For elite matings, Holsteins were favored because the range of evaluations is smaller and genetic progress is slower in breeds other than Holstein, in part because fewer bulls are sampled. A combined national evaluation of data for all breeds and crossbreds may be desirable but would require an extensive programming effort. Animals should receive credit for heterosis when considered as mates for another breed.</abstract><cop>Savoy, IL</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>12703641</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73687-X</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0022-0302 |
ispartof | Journal of dairy science, 2003-03, Vol.86 (3), p.1036-1044 |
issn | 0022-0302 1525-3198 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_73194220 |
source | ScienceDirect; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
subjects | Aging Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences breed difference Breeding Cattle - genetics Cell Count crossbreeding Crosses, Genetic Dairy cattle Dairying - economics Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology heterosis Hybrid Vigor Income Lactation - genetics Longevity - genetics Male Milk - cytology Pregnancy Seasons Terrestrial animal productions United States Vertebrates |
title | Economic Merit of Crossbred and Purebred US Dairy Cattle |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T19%3A16%3A55IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Economic%20Merit%20of%20Crossbred%20and%20Purebred%20US%20Dairy%20Cattle&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20dairy%20science&rft.au=VanRaden,%20P.M.&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1036&rft.epage=1044&rft.pages=1036-1044&rft.issn=0022-0302&rft.eissn=1525-3198&rft.coden=JDSCAE&rft_id=info:doi/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73687-X&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E318436471%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c512t-c27c4181cb32d8e396db86e1ed9e08a930d439043405268196c9a9bee2596d733%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=195808103&rft_id=info:pmid/12703641&rfr_iscdi=true |