Eastern equine encephalitis in a flock of emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) was diagnosed in flock of emus in south eastern Louisiana. The outbreak involved juvenile and adult breeders ranging in age from 20 to 36 months, with an attack- rate of 76% and a case fatality rate of 87%. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation and characterizati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Avian diseases 1992-07, Vol.36 (3), p.808-812
Main Authors: Tully, T.N. Jr. (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA), Shane, S.M, Poston, R.P, England, J.J, Vice, C.C, Cho, D.Y, Panigrahy, B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ALPHAVIRUS
Animals
Bird Diseases - epidemiology
Bird Diseases - microbiology
Bird Diseases - pathology
Birds
Case Reports
DIAGNOSTIC
DIAGNOSTICO
Diarrhea
Disease Outbreaks - veterinary
Dromaius novaehollandiae
Eastern equine encephalomyelitis
EMEU
EMU
Emus
Encephalomyelitis, Equine - epidemiology
Encephalomyelitis, Equine - pathology
Encephalomyelitis, Equine - veterinary
Female
HATOS
Horses
HOTE
HUESPEDES
Lesions
LLUVIA
LOUISIANE
LUISIANA
Male
MORBIDITE
MORBOSIDAD
MORTALIDAD
MORTALITE
Mortality
Necrosis
PATHOLOGIE
PATOLOGIA
PLUIE
Rain
TROUPEAU
VECTEUR DE MALADIE
VECTORES
Veterinary medicine
Viruses
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Description
Summary:Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) was diagnosed in flock of emus in south eastern Louisiana. The outbreak involved juvenile and adult breeders ranging in age from 20 to 36 months, with an attack- rate of 76% and a case fatality rate of 87%. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation and characterization of the viral agent, arid by detection of EEE antibody in two recovered emus. High mortality was preceded by marked depression, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and emesis of blood stained ingesta. On postmortem examination, hemorrhagic enteritis and multiple petechia of viscera were observed. Microscopic changes included severe necrosis of hepatocytes, intestinal mucosa, and necrotizing vasculitis of the spleen and lamina propria of the intestine. No nervous system lesions were observed. This outbreak occurred concurrently with EEE in horses and was attributed to unseasonably heavy rainfall with an abundance of arthropod vectors and proximity to free-living reservoir host species
ISSN:0005-2086
1938-4351
DOI:10.2307/1591790