Treatment of saphenous vein bypass grafts with ultrasound thrombolysis: A randomized study (ATLAS)

• Published in: Circulation (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2003-05, Vol.107 (18), p.2331-2336
• Main Authors: SINGH, Mandeep, ROSENSCHEIN, Uri, HO, Kalon K. L, BERGER, Peter B, KUNTZ, Richard, HOLMES, David R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Combined Modality Therapy; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronary Disease - diagnosis; Coronary Disease - surgery; Coronary Disease - therapy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments - therapeutic use; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology; Saphenous Vein - transplantation; Stents; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the heart; Syndrome; Thrombosis - therapy; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy
• ISSN: 0009-7322; 1524-4539
• DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000066693.22220.30

Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) with thrombus have a high frequency of distal embolization. Acolysis (therapeutic ultrasound) can break up thrombus in vitro in animal models and humans. Whether this is beneficial during percutaneous SVG interventions is unknown. We performed a trial of coronary ultrasound thrombolysis in which patients with an acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI in SVGs were randomly assigned to receive acolysis or abciximab. The primary end point was a successful procedure, defined as final luminal diameter stenosis 30% or less with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow and freedom from major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, Q-wave, and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction [MI], emergency bypass procedure, disabling stroke, and target lesion revascularization). Of 181 enrolled, 92 received acolysis and 89 abciximab. Angiographic procedural success was achieved in 63% of acolysis patients and 82% of abciximab patients (P=0.008). Incidence of major adverse cardiac events at 30 days was 25% with acolysis and 12% with abciximab (P=0.036), attributable mainly to a greater frequency of non-Q-wave MI with acolysis (19.6% versus 7.9%, P=0.03). The incidence of Q-wave MI was also higher with acolysis (5.4% versus 2.2%, P=nonsignificant). The primary end point was achieved in 53.8% of acolysis patients and 73.1% of abciximab patients (P=0.014). Use of therapeutic ultrasound in vein graft lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome had poor angiographic outcome and increased the incidence of acute ischemic complications.