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Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome

Background:  The objective of this paper is to assess the extent to which measures of cognitive abilities taken in an inception cohort of young high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome predict outcome roughly two and six years later. Method:  Children who received a diagnosis of a...

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Published in:Journal of child psychology and psychiatry 2003-05, Vol.44 (4), p.520-528
Main Authors: Szatmari, P., Bryson, S.E., Boyle, M.H., Streiner, D.L., Duku, E.
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description Background:  The objective of this paper is to assess the extent to which measures of cognitive abilities taken in an inception cohort of young high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome predict outcome roughly two and six years later. Method:  Children who received a diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome (AS) and who had a nonverbal IQ score in the ‘non‐retarded’ range were included in the inception cohort. Measures of language and nonverbal skills were taken when the children were 4–6 years of age and outcome assessments were completed when the children were 6–8 and 10–13 years of age. The three outcome measures consisted of scales of adaptive behaviours in socialisation and communication and a composite measure of autistic symptoms (abnormal language, abnormal body and object use, difficulties relating to others, sensory issues and social and self‐help difficulties). Results:  The explanatory power of the predictor variables was greater for communication and social skills than for autistic symptoms. The power of prediction was stable over time but did differ by PDD subtype. In general, the association between language skills and outcome was stronger in the autism group than in the AS group. Conclusions:  These results support the emphasis of early intervention programmes on language but more work needs to be done on understanding variables that influence outcome in social skills and autistic behaviours, particularly in those with AS.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/1469-7610.00141
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Method:  Children who received a diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome (AS) and who had a nonverbal IQ score in the ‘non‐retarded’ range were included in the inception cohort. Measures of language and nonverbal skills were taken when the children were 4–6 years of age and outcome assessments were completed when the children were 6–8 and 10–13 years of age. The three outcome measures consisted of scales of adaptive behaviours in socialisation and communication and a composite measure of autistic symptoms (abnormal language, abnormal body and object use, difficulties relating to others, sensory issues and social and self‐help difficulties). Results:  The explanatory power of the predictor variables was greater for communication and social skills than for autistic symptoms. The power of prediction was stable over time but did differ by PDD subtype. In general, the association between language skills and outcome was stronger in the autism group than in the AS group. 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Method:  Children who received a diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome (AS) and who had a nonverbal IQ score in the ‘non‐retarded’ range were included in the inception cohort. Measures of language and nonverbal skills were taken when the children were 4–6 years of age and outcome assessments were completed when the children were 6–8 and 10–13 years of age. The three outcome measures consisted of scales of adaptive behaviours in socialisation and communication and a composite measure of autistic symptoms (abnormal language, abnormal body and object use, difficulties relating to others, sensory issues and social and self‐help difficulties). Results:  The explanatory power of the predictor variables was greater for communication and social skills than for autistic symptoms. The power of prediction was stable over time but did differ by PDD subtype. In general, the association between language skills and outcome was stronger in the autism group than in the AS group. 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source Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection
subjects Adaptation, Psychological
Asperger syndrome
Asperger Syndrome - diagnosis
Asperger Syndrome - psychology
Asperger's syndrome
Autism
Autistic Disorder - diagnosis
Autistic Disorder - psychology
Biological and medical sciences
Canada
Child
Child clinical studies
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Clinical outcomes
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - epidemiology
Cognitive abilities
Cognitive Ability
Cognitive Measurement
Communication Disorders - diagnosis
Communication Disorders - epidemiology
Developmental disorders
Female
Humans
Infantile autism
Interpersonal Competence
Language Disorders - diagnosis
Language Disorders - epidemiology
Language Skills
longitudinal studies
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
outcome
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Outcome Measures
Predictive Value of Tests
Predictor Variables
Prognosis
Prospective Studies
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychomotor Disorders - diagnosis
Psychomotor Disorders - epidemiology
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Severity of Illness Index
Social skills
Socialization
trajectory
title Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome
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