Effects of High-Fat High-Sucrose Feeding, Energy Restriction, and trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Visfatin and Apelin in Hamsters

• Published in: Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2009-12, Vol.28 (6), p.627-635
• Main Authors: Lasa, Arrate, Churruca, Itziar, Simón, Edurne, Macarulla, María Teresa, Fernández-Quintela, Alfredo, Rodríguez, Víctor M, Portillo, María Puy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Analysis of Variance; animal models; Animals; apelin; Biological and medical sciences; body fat; Body Weight - drug effects; Carrier Proteins - genetics; Carrier Proteins - metabolism; conjugated linoleic acid; Cricetinae; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary Sucrose - administration & dosage; energy restriction; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; experimental diets; fat intake; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; G-proteins; golden hamsters; hamster; high carbohydrate diet; high fat diet; high-fat high-sucrose feeding; insulin; Insulin - blood; insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Leptin - blood; Linoleic Acid - administration & dosage; low calorie diet; Male; Mesocricetus; nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase - genetics; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase - metabolism; nutrition-genotype interaction; peroxisomes; PPAR gamma - genetics; PPAR gamma - metabolism; Random Allocation; randomized clinical trials; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; sucrose; trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; visfatin
• ISSN: 0731-5724; 1541-1087
• DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2009.10719795

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) feeding, energy restriction, and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on visfatin and apelin. DESIGN: A randomized dietary intervention study. SETTING: Free-living individuals studied in metabolic cages. SUBJECTS: Thirty-two male Syrian Golden hamsters (82.6 ± 1.4 g). INTERVENTIONS: Standard and HFHS feeding for 7 weeks. After that, some hamsters fed the HFHS diet were submitted for 3 weeks to a 25% energy restriction with or without trans-10,cis-12 CLA supplementation (0.5%). RESULTS: Feeding animals an HFHS diet resulted in increased body fat and reduced insulin sensitivity. No changes were observed in the expression and serum levels of visfatin and apelin, or in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and Sirt1 expression. Energy restriction reduced body fat and normalized insulin sensitivity. Visfatin showed increased serum levels without changes in expression. No modifications were found as far as apelin was concerned. Sirt1 expression was increased, and PPARγ remained unchanged. With regard to trans-10,cis-12 CLA, no changes were induced by its addition to the restricted diet. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin function impairment induced by HFHS feeding is not mediated by visfatin and apelin. However, visfatin can play a role in improving insulin sensitivity associated with energy restriction. These results suggest that visfatin may not have evolved as a molecule that reserves the action of insulin when food is widely available, but rather that its function seems to be associated with energy restriction adaptation. In general terms, trans-10,cis-12 CLA did not modify changes induced by energy restriction.