Vegetation and Soil Environment Influence the Spatial Distribution of Root-Associated Fungi in a Mature Beech-Maple Forest

Although the level of diversity of root-associated fungi can be quite high, the effect of plant distribution and soil environment on root-associated fungal communities at fine spatial scales has received little attention. Here, we examine how soil environment and plant distribution affect the occurr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2009-12, Vol.75 (24), p.7639-7648
Main Authors: Burke, David J, López-Gutiérrez, Juan C, Smemo, Kurt A, Chan, Charlotte R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Acer - microbiology
Biodiversity
Correlation analysis
DNA, Fungal - genetics
Ecosystem
Effects
Fagus - microbiology
Forests
Fungi
Fungi - classification
Fungi - genetics
Mycology
Mycorrhizae - classification
Mycorrhizae - genetics
Ohio
Plant Roots - microbiology
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Soil Microbiology
Soils
Trees - microbiology
Vegetation
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Summary:Although the level of diversity of root-associated fungi can be quite high, the effect of plant distribution and soil environment on root-associated fungal communities at fine spatial scales has received little attention. Here, we examine how soil environment and plant distribution affect the occurrence, diversity, and community structure of root-associated fungi at local patch scales within a mature forest. We used terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis to detect 63 fungal species representing 28 different genera colonizing tree root tips. At least 32 species matched previously identified mycorrhizal fungi, with the remaining fungi including both saprotrophic and parasitic species. Root fungal communities were significantly different between June and September, suggesting a rapid temporal change in root fungal communities. Plant distribution affected root fungal communities, with some root fungi positively correlated with tree diameter and herbaceous-plant coverage. Some aspects of the soil environment were correlated with root fungal community structure, with the abundance of some root fungi positively correlated with soil pH and moisture content in June and with soil phosphorous (P) in September. Fungal distribution and community structure may be governed by plant-soil interactions at fine spatial scales within a mature forest. Soil P may play a role in structuring root fungal communities at certain times of the year.
ISSN:0099-2240
1098-5336
1098-6596
DOI:10.1128/AEM.01648-09