Physiological mechanisms mediating aspartame-induced satiety

Aspartame has been previously shown to increase satiety. This study aimed to investigate a possible role for the satiety hormones cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in this effect. The effects of the constituents of aspartame, phenylalanine and aspartic acid, were also examine...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiology & behavior 2003-04, Vol.78 (4), p.557-562
Main Authors: Hall, W.L., Millward, D.J., Rogers, P.J., Morgan, L.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Amino acids
Appetite
Appetite - drug effects
Aspartame
Aspartame - pharmacology
Aspartic Acid - blood
Aspartic Acid - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Cholecystokinin
Cholecystokinin - metabolism
Cross-Over Studies
Diet
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastric Emptying - drug effects
Glucagon - metabolism
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Hormones - blood
Humans
Insulin - blood
Male
Peptide Fragments - metabolism
Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine - blood
Phenylalanine - pharmacology
Protein Precursors - metabolism
Satiety
Satiety Response - drug effects
Satiety Response - physiology
Sweetening Agents - pharmacology
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Aspartame has been previously shown to increase satiety. This study aimed to investigate a possible role for the satiety hormones cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in this effect. The effects of the constituents of aspartame, phenylalanine and aspartic acid, were also examined. Six subjects consumed an encapsulated preload consisting of either 400 mg aspartame, 176 mg aspartic acid+224 mg phenylalanine, or 400 mg corn flour (control), with 1.5 g paracetamol dissolved in 450 ml water to measure gastric emptying. A 1983-kJ liquid meal was consumed 60 min later. Plasma CCK, GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucose, and insulin were measured over 0–120 min. Gastric emptying was measured from 0 to 60 min. Plasma GLP-1 concentrations decreased following the liquid meal (60–120 min) after both the aspartame and amino acids preloads (control, 2096.9 pmol/l min; aspartame, 536.6 pmol/l min; amino acids, 861.8 pmol/l min; incremental area under the curve [AUC] 60–120 min, P
ISSN:0031-9384
1873-507X
DOI:10.1016/S0031-9384(03)00034-9