Virus entry by endocytosis

Although viruses are simple in structure and composition, their interactions with host cells are complex. Merely to gain entry, animal viruses make use of a repertoire of cellular processes that involve hundreds of cellular proteins. Although some viruses have the capacity to penetrate into the cyto...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of biochemistry 2010-01, Vol.79 (1), p.803-833
Main Authors: Mercer, Jason, Schelhaas, Mario, Helenius, Ari
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Caveolae - metabolism
Cells
Cellular biology
Clathrin - metabolism
Endocytosis
Lipids
Membrane Microdomains - metabolism
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Proteins
Virus Internalization
Viruses
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Summary:Although viruses are simple in structure and composition, their interactions with host cells are complex. Merely to gain entry, animal viruses make use of a repertoire of cellular processes that involve hundreds of cellular proteins. Although some viruses have the capacity to penetrate into the cytosol directly through the plasma membrane, most depend on endocytic uptake, vesicular transport through the cytoplasm, and delivery to endosomes and other intracellular organelles. The internalization may involve clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), macropinocytosis, caveolar/lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, or a variety of other still poorly characterized mechanisms. This review focuses on the cell biology of virus entry and the different strategies and endocytic mechanisms used by animal viruses.
ISSN:0066-4154
1545-4509
DOI:10.1146/annurev-biochem-060208-104626