The uremic solute indoxyl sulfate acts as an antioxidant against superoxide anion radicals under normal-physiological conditions

The effect of the uremic solute indoxyl sulfate (IS) on scavenging superoxide anion radicals (O2-) generated from both the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) system and activated neutrophils was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3,4-d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:FEBS letters 2010-07, Vol.584 (13), p.2816-2820
Main Authors: Miyamoto, Yohei, Iwao, Yasunori, Tasaki, Yuka, Sato, Keizo, Ishima, Yu, Watanabe, Hiroshi, Kadowaki, Daisuke, Maruyama, Toru, Otagiri, Masaki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2-amino-4,7-dihydroxypteridine
2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine
2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide
3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate
5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide
allopurinol
ALP
Antioxidants - chemistry
Chemiluminescence
chronic kidney diseases
CKD
CMPF
Cu, Zn-SOD
Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase
diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid
DMPO
DMPO-hydroxyl radical adduct
DMPO-OH
DTPA
Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
EMPO
EMPO-OOH
EMPO-superoxide adduct
EPR
hippurate
Humans
hydroxyl radicals
Indican - blood
Indican - chemistry
indolacetate
Indoxyl sulfate
isoxanthopterin
Neutrophil
Neutrophils - metabolism
O2
pterin
Pyrroles - chemistry
reactive oxygen species
ROS
Scavenging activity
Superoxide anion radical
superoxide anion radicals
Superoxides - chemistry
xanthine
xanthine oxidase
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Summary:The effect of the uremic solute indoxyl sulfate (IS) on scavenging superoxide anion radicals (O2-) generated from both the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) system and activated neutrophils was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide (EMPO). The findings show that the presence of normal-physiological serum concentrations of IS (0.1–10μM) resulted in decreased formation of EMPO-superoxide adduct without affecting XO activity. Furthermore, IS showed scavenging activity against cell-derived O2- generated from activated neutrophils. In addition, IS also eliminated hydroxyl radicals. These findings suggest that IS acts as a novel endogenous antioxidant under normal-physiological conditions.
ISSN:0014-5793
1873-3468
DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.04.046