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Preoperative pulmonary function and mortality after cardiac surgery

Background The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between preoperative pulmonary function and outcomes after cardiac surgery. Methods We performed preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 1,169 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Cente...

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Published in:The American heart journal 2010-04, Vol.159 (4), p.691-697
Main Authors: Adabag, A. Selcuk, MD, MS, Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH, Rice, Kathryn, MD, Mithani, Salima, MD, Johnson, Deborah, RN, Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH, Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD, McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD, Kuskowski, Michael A., PhD, Kelly, Rosemary F., MD
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creator Adabag, A. Selcuk, MD, MS
Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH
Rice, Kathryn, MD
Mithani, Salima, MD
Johnson, Deborah, RN
Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH
Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD
McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD
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description Background The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between preoperative pulmonary function and outcomes after cardiac surgery. Methods We performed preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 1,169 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1 ) to forced vital capacity ratio
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.039
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Selcuk, MD, MS ; Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH ; Rice, Kathryn, MD ; Mithani, Salima, MD ; Johnson, Deborah, RN ; Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH ; Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD ; McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD ; Kuskowski, Michael A., PhD ; Kelly, Rosemary F., MD</creator><creatorcontrib>Adabag, A. Selcuk, MD, MS ; Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH ; Rice, Kathryn, MD ; Mithani, Salima, MD ; Johnson, Deborah, RN ; Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH ; Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD ; McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD ; Kuskowski, Michael A., PhD ; Kelly, Rosemary F., MD</creatorcontrib><description>Background The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between preoperative pulmonary function and outcomes after cardiac surgery. Methods We performed preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 1,169 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1 ) to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7. Results Of the 1,169 patients, 483 (41%) had a prior history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, 178 patients with a history of COPD had no airway obstruction on PFT. Conversely, 186 patients without a COPD history had airway obstruction on PFT. Thus, PFT results helped reclassify the COPD status of 364 patients (31%). Operative mortality was 2% in patients with no or mild airway obstruction versus 6.7% in those with moderate or severe obstruction (ie, FEV1 to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7 and FEV1 &lt;80% predicted). Postoperative mortality was higher (odds ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.2, P = .001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and in patients with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted (odds ratio 4.9, 95% CI 2.3-10.8, P = .0001). Notably, mortality risk was 10× higher (95% CI 3.4-27.2, P = .0001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted. Conclusions These data show that PFT before cardiac surgery reclassifies the COPD status of a substantial number of patients and provides important prognostic information that the current risk estimate models do not capture.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-8703</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6744</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.039</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20362731</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AHJOA2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Aged ; Airway management ; Cardiovascular ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Heart ; Heart attacks ; Heart Diseases - physiopathology ; Heart Diseases - surgery ; Heart surgery ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Patients ; Postoperative Complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology ; Risk Factors ; Studies ; Variables ; Ventilation ; Veterans ; Vital Capacity</subject><ispartof>The American heart journal, 2010-04, Vol.159 (4), p.691-697</ispartof><rights>2010</rights><rights>Published by Mosby, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Apr 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-89a06df5eae28898c07ed464072e55f3c37f8e2859747f36131a55d5b17271273</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-89a06df5eae28898c07ed464072e55f3c37f8e2859747f36131a55d5b17271273</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20362731$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Adabag, A. Selcuk, MD, MS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rice, Kathryn, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mithani, Salima, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Deborah, RN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuskowski, Michael A., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelly, Rosemary F., MD</creatorcontrib><title>Preoperative pulmonary function and mortality after cardiac surgery</title><title>The American heart journal</title><addtitle>Am Heart J</addtitle><description>Background The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between preoperative pulmonary function and outcomes after cardiac surgery. Methods We performed preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 1,169 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1 ) to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7. Results Of the 1,169 patients, 483 (41%) had a prior history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, 178 patients with a history of COPD had no airway obstruction on PFT. Conversely, 186 patients without a COPD history had airway obstruction on PFT. Thus, PFT results helped reclassify the COPD status of 364 patients (31%). Operative mortality was 2% in patients with no or mild airway obstruction versus 6.7% in those with moderate or severe obstruction (ie, FEV1 to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7 and FEV1 &lt;80% predicted). Postoperative mortality was higher (odds ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.2, P = .001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and in patients with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted (odds ratio 4.9, 95% CI 2.3-10.8, P = .0001). Notably, mortality risk was 10× higher (95% CI 3.4-27.2, P = .0001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted. Conclusions These data show that PFT before cardiac surgery reclassifies the COPD status of a substantial number of patients and provides important prognostic information that the current risk estimate models do not capture.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Airway management</subject><subject>Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Forced Expiratory Volume</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart attacks</subject><subject>Heart Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Heart Diseases - surgery</subject><subject>Heart surgery</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Postoperative Complications</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Variables</subject><subject>Ventilation</subject><subject>Veterans</subject><subject>Vital Capacity</subject><issn>0002-8703</issn><issn>1097-6744</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kU1r3DAQhkVpaLZpf0AvwdBDT3Zm9GHZFApl6RcEEkh7Foo8buXY1layA_vvo2XTFnLoSRJ63mHmGcbeIFQIWF8Mlf01VBygrZBXINpnbIPQ6rLWUj5nGwDgZaNBnLKXKQ35WfOmfsFOOYiaa4Ebtr2OFHYU7eLvqdit4xRmG_dFv85u8WEu7NwVU4iLHf2yL2y_UCycjZ23rkhr_Elx_4qd9HZM9PrxPGM_Pn_6vv1aXl59-bb9eFk6KdRSNq2FuusVWeJN0zYONHWylqA5KdULJ3Tf5C_Vaql7UaNAq1SnblFzjbndM_buWHcXw--V0mImnxyNo50prMloIRRKgW0m3z4hh7DGOTdnUIFUSknATOGRcjGkFKk3u-inPL1BMAfBZjBZsDkINshNFpwz54-V19uJur-JP0Yz8P4IUDZx7yma5DzNjjofyS2mC_6_5T88SbvRz97Z8Y72lP5NYVIOmJvDhg8LxnyBRnHxAET2nmg</recordid><startdate>20100401</startdate><enddate>20100401</enddate><creator>Adabag, A. 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Selcuk, MD, MS</au><au>Wassif, Heba S., MD, MPH</au><au>Rice, Kathryn, MD</au><au>Mithani, Salima, MD</au><au>Johnson, Deborah, RN</au><au>Bonawitz-Conlin, Jana, BSN, MSH</au><au>Ward, Herbert B., MD, PhD</au><au>McFalls, Edward O., MD, PhD</au><au>Kuskowski, Michael A., PhD</au><au>Kelly, Rosemary F., MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Preoperative pulmonary function and mortality after cardiac surgery</atitle><jtitle>The American heart journal</jtitle><addtitle>Am Heart J</addtitle><date>2010-04-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>159</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>691</spage><epage>697</epage><pages>691-697</pages><issn>0002-8703</issn><eissn>1097-6744</eissn><coden>AHJOA2</coden><abstract>Background The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between preoperative pulmonary function and outcomes after cardiac surgery. Methods We performed preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in 1,169 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1 ) to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7. Results Of the 1,169 patients, 483 (41%) had a prior history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, 178 patients with a history of COPD had no airway obstruction on PFT. Conversely, 186 patients without a COPD history had airway obstruction on PFT. Thus, PFT results helped reclassify the COPD status of 364 patients (31%). Operative mortality was 2% in patients with no or mild airway obstruction versus 6.7% in those with moderate or severe obstruction (ie, FEV1 to forced vital capacity ratio &lt;0.7 and FEV1 &lt;80% predicted). Postoperative mortality was higher (odds ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.2, P = .001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and in patients with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted (odds ratio 4.9, 95% CI 2.3-10.8, P = .0001). Notably, mortality risk was 10× higher (95% CI 3.4-27.2, P = .0001) in patients with moderate or severe airway obstruction and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide &lt;50% of predicted. Conclusions These data show that PFT before cardiac surgery reclassifies the COPD status of a substantial number of patients and provides important prognostic information that the current risk estimate models do not capture.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>20362731</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ahj.2009.12.039</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Aged
Airway management
Cardiovascular
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Female
Forced Expiratory Volume
Heart
Heart attacks
Heart Diseases - physiopathology
Heart Diseases - surgery
Heart surgery
Hospitals
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Patients
Postoperative Complications
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - diagnosis
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - mortality
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - physiopathology
Risk Factors
Studies
Variables
Ventilation
Veterans
Vital Capacity
title Preoperative pulmonary function and mortality after cardiac surgery
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