Interaction of triclosan with eukaryotic membrane lipids

• Published in: European journal of oral sciences 2003-06, Vol.111 (3), p.216-222
• Main Authors: Lygre, Henning, Moe, Grete, Skålevik, Rita, Holmsen, Holm
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Infective Agents, Local - pharmacokinetics; Anti-Infective Agents, Local - pharmacology; calorimetry; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; cell membrane; Cell Membrane - drug effects; Cell Membrane - metabolism; Dentistry; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eukaryotic Cells - drug effects; Eukaryotic Cells - metabolism; Glycerophospholipids - chemistry; Glycerophospholipids - metabolism; lipids; Liposomes - chemistry; Liposomes - metabolism; Maleates - pharmacokinetics; Maleates - pharmacology; Membrane Lipids - chemistry; Membrane Lipids - metabolism; Models, Chemical; Phosphatidylcholines - chemistry; Phosphatidylcholines - metabolism; Phosphatidylserines - chemistry; Phosphatidylserines - metabolism; Polyethylenes - pharmacokinetics; Polyethylenes - pharmacology; triclosan; Triclosan - pharmacokinetics; Triclosan - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0909-8836; 1600-0722
• DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0722.2003.00034.x

The possibility that triclosan and PVM/MA (polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic acid) copolymer, additives to dentrifrices, could interact with eukaryotic membrane lipids was studied by two methods: first, by determining the pressure/molecular area isotherms at 37°C of glycerophospholipid monolayers, using the Langmuir technique; and second, by phase‐transition parameters in liposomes of the same lipids, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Triclosan interacted, in a concentration‐independent manner, with monolayers of saturated phosphatidylcholines (PC; i.e. markers of the outer membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells). Triclosan and PVM/MA copolymer mixtures were shown to clearly interact in a concentration‐dependent manner with PC. Triclosan was found to interact with liposomes of saturated and unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylserines (PS; i.e. markers of the inner membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells), and saturated ethanolamines (PE; i.e. markers of the inner membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells), resulting in a decrease of the lipid melting temperature (Tm). PVM/MA copolymer changed the Tm of PS, PC, and PE in different manners. By adding PVM/MA or triclosan–PVM/MA copolymer mixtures to 1‐stearoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoserine (SOPS) no lipid transitions were detected. A biphasic change of the PC transition temperature resulted when triclosan or triclosan PVM/MA copolymer mixtures were added, indicating domain formation and change of the lipid polymorphism.