Histone Methylation in Higher Plants

Histone methylation plays a fundamental role in regulating diverse developmental processes and is also involved in silencing repetitive sequences in order to maintain genome stability. The methylation marks are written on lysine or arginine by distinct enzymes, namely, histone lysine methyltransfera...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of plant biology 2010-01, Vol.61 (1), p.395-420
Main Authors: Liu, Chunyan, Lu, Falong, Cui, Xia, Cao, Xiaofeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arginine
biochemical pathways
DNA methylation
Effects
gene expression regulation
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
gene silencing
genome
Genomics
grain crops
Histone Code
Histone Demethylases
histones
Histones - metabolism
literature reviews
lysine
Methylation
methyltransferases
molecular sequence data
Oryza sativa
Plant biology
plant development
plant physiology
plant proteins
plants
Plants - genetics
Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases
Proteins
repetitive sequences
Rice
transcription (genetics)
transcriptional activation
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Summary:Histone methylation plays a fundamental role in regulating diverse developmental processes and is also involved in silencing repetitive sequences in order to maintain genome stability. The methylation marks are written on lysine or arginine by distinct enzymes, namely, histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs) or protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). Once established, the methylation marks are specifically recognized by the proteins that act as readers and are interpreted into specific biological outcomes. Histone methylation status is dynamic; methylation marks can be removed by eraser enzymes, the histone demethylases (HDMs). The proteins responsible for writing, reading, and erasing the methylation marks are known mostly in animals. During the past several years, a growing body of literature has demonstrated the impact of histone methylation on genome management, transcriptional regulation, and development in plants. The aim of this review is to summarize the biochemical, genetic, and molecular action of histone methylation in two plants, the dicot Arabidopsis and the monocot rice.
ISSN:1543-5008
1545-2123
DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.091939