Comparison of the Stability of Beverage Cloud Emulsions Formulated with Different Gum Acacia- and Starch-Based Emulsifiers

• Published in: Journal of food science 2010-06, Vol.75 (5), p.E236-E246
• Main Authors: Reiner, S.J, Reineccius, G.A, Peppard, T.L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis of Variance; beverage cloud emulsion; beverage cloud emulsions; Beverages; Beverages - analysis; Biological and medical sciences; Carbohydrates; Chemical Phenomena; Comparative analysis; Emulsifiers; Emulsions; Emulsions - analysis; Emulsions - chemistry; Food additives; Food Handling - methods; Food industries; Food science; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; gum acacia; gum arabic; Gum Arabic - analysis; Gum Arabic - chemistry; hydrocolloids; model food systems; modified gum acacia; modified starch; Oranges; Particle Size; physical stability; Resins; Stability; Starch - chemistry; Starch and starchy product industries; starch-based-emulsifiers; Starches; Storage; Temperature effects; Terpenes; Time Factors; turbidity
• ISSN: 0022-1147; 1750-3841
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01625.x

The performance of several hydrocolloids (3 gum acacias, 1 modified gum acacia, and 3 modified starches) in stabilizing beverage emulsions and corresponding model beverages was investigated employing different core materials, emulsifier usage levels, and storage temperatures. Concentrated emulsions were prepared using orange terpenes or Miglyol® 812 (comprising medium-chain triglycerides, MCT) weighted 1:1 with ester gum, stored at 25 or 35 °C, and analyzed on days 0, 1, and 3. On day 3, model beverages were made from each emulsion, stored at both temperatures, and analyzed weekly for 4 wk. Stability of concentrated emulsions was assessed by measuring mean particle size and by visual observations of ringing; beverage stability was judged similarly and also by loss of turbidity. Particle size measurements showed concentrated emulsions containing gum acacia or modified gum acacia with either core material were stable over 3 d storage at both temperatures whereas those made with modified starches were not, destabilization being faster at 35 °C. Beverages based on orange terpenes, in contrast to Miglyol, yielded smaller mean particle sizes, both on manufacture and during storage, regardless of hydrocolloid used. Visual observations of ringing generally supported this finding. Modified gum acacia was evaluated at both recommended and higher usage levels, stability increasing in the latter case. In general, all gum acacia and modified gum acacia emulsifiers were superior in stability to those based on modified starches, at either temperature, for orange terpene-based beverages. In Miglyol-based beverages, similar results were seen, except 1 modified starch performed as well as the gum acacia products.