Production and germination of conidia of Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite of Crinipellis perniciosa on cacao

ABSTRACT Growth characteristics of the fungus Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite on the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Crinipellis perniciosa, the causal agent of witches'-broom disease of cacao, were evaluated under controlled environmental conditions. The ability of T. stromaticum to pr...

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Published in:Phytopathology 2002-10, Vol.92 (10), p.1032-1037
Main Authors: SANOGO, S, POMELLA, A, HEBBAR, P. K, BAILEY, B, COSTA, J. C. B, SAMUELS, G. J, LUMSDEN, R. D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biological control
Control
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fungal plant pathogens
Growth, nutrition, metabolism, transports, enzymes. Molecular biology
Microbiology
Mycology
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
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Summary:ABSTRACT Growth characteristics of the fungus Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite on the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Crinipellis perniciosa, the causal agent of witches'-broom disease of cacao, were evaluated under controlled environmental conditions. The ability of T. stromaticum to produce conidia and germinate on dry brooms was evaluated at three constant temperatures (20, 25, and 30 degrees C) and two constant relative humidities (75 and 100%). T. stromaticum produced abundant conidia on brooms at 100% relative humidity and incubation temperatures of 20 and 25 degrees C, but none at 30 degrees C. Sporulation of T. stromaticum was not observed at 75% relative humidity at any temperature. At 100% relative humidity and either at 20 or 25 degrees C, treatment of brooms with T. stromaticum suppressed C. perniciosa within 7 days. In contrast, at 30 degrees C, treatment with T. stromaticum had no effect on the pathogen in brooms maintained at either 75 or 100% relative humidity. Mycelium of C. perniciosa grew from brooms at all temperatures at 100% relative humidity. Conidial germination on broom tissue approximated 80% at temperatures from 20 to 30 degrees C. Results suggest that applying T. stromaticum under high-moisture conditions when the air temperature is below 30 degrees C may enhance the establishment of this mycoparasite in cacao plantations.
ISSN:0031-949X
1943-7684
DOI:10.1094/PHYTO.2002.92.10.1032