Effect of Long‐Term Testosterone Administration on the Endometrium of Female‐to‐Male (FtM) Transsexuals

Long term safety of testosterone (T) administration in women is still unknown. In particular few and discordant data exists on the effects of T on the endometrium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long‐term T treatment on endometrium histology and proliferation in female to ma...

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Published in:Journal of sexual medicine 2009-11, Vol.6 (11), p.3193-3200
Main Authors: Perrone, Anna Myriam, Cerpolini, Silvia, Maria Salfi, Nunzio Cosimo, Ceccarelli, Claudio, De Giorgi, Lucilla Badiali, Formelli, Guido, Casadio, Paolo, Ghi, Tullio, Pelusi, Giuseppe, Pelusi, Carla, Meriggiola, Maria Cristina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Blood Glucose - analysis
Endometrium
Endometrium - drug effects
Endometrium - pathology
Endometrium - physiopathology
Estradiol - blood
Female
Humans
Insulin - blood
Male
Progesterone - blood
Testosterone
Testosterone - adverse effects
Testosterone - blood
Testosterone - therapeutic use
Transsexualism - drug therapy
Transsexualism - physiopathology
Transsexuals
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Summary:Long term safety of testosterone (T) administration in women is still unknown. In particular few and discordant data exists on the effects of T on the endometrium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long‐term T treatment on endometrium histology and proliferation in female to male transsexual subjects (FtM). We compared these endometria with those of young women in the proliferative phase (PM) of the cycle and with those of post menopausal women (M). Endometrial samples from 27 FtM treated with T (intramuscular injection of 100 mg Testoviron Depot /10 days for at least one year), 30 M undergoing vaginal hysterectomy, and 13 PM undergoing hysteroscopy for infertility problems were collected. Endometrial proliferation was evaluated on the basis of histopathology and expression of the proliferation marker Ki‐67. Both M and PM women had not received any hormonal treatment for at least one year. Circulating total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E), progesterone (P), insulin and glucose levels were measured in FtM and PM subjects. FtM had received T for 33.6 ± 21.3 months (mean ± SD). In FtM subjects, histological analysis found inactive endometrium similar to the atrophic menopausal endometrium. The expression of Ki‐67 in the glands, stroma and glands and stroma together was significantly (p 
ISSN:1743-6095
1743-6109
DOI:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01380.x