Lunar Soil Simulant Uptake Produces a Concentration-Dependent Increase in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

One of NASA's long-term objectives is to be able to stay on the moon for extended periods, and to provide a stepping-stone for future Mars explorations. The lunar soil simulant JSC-1 has been developed by NASA from volcanic ash found in Arizona to facilitate testing of toxicity and system requi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Part A, 2010-01, Vol.73 (9), p.623-626
Main Authors: Chatterjee, Anuran, Wang, Angela, Lera, Matthew, Bhattacharya, Sharmila
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Line
Cells
Computer Simulation
Cosmic Dust - adverse effects
Enzyme Induction
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - enzymology
Mice
Moon
Nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - drug effects
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - metabolism
Soils
Space Flight
Toxicity
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Summary:One of NASA's long-term objectives is to be able to stay on the moon for extended periods, and to provide a stepping-stone for future Mars explorations. The lunar soil simulant JSC-1 has been developed by NASA from volcanic ash found in Arizona to facilitate testing of toxicity and system requirements for lunar exploration. A concentration-response study of JSC-1 was undertaken on the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Results demonstrated concentrations of 50-2000 μ g/ml JSC-1 induced enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Data suggest that extraterrestrial regolith has the potential to induce an inflammatory response, and that future development of anti-inflammatory mitigative strategies may be necessary to counteract lunar dust-associated cellular toxicity.
ISSN:1528-7394
1087-2620
2381-3504
DOI:10.1080/15287390903578182