Smoking and smoking cessation during early pregnancy and its effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes and fetal growth

Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a significant threat to the fetus. We examined the association between active maternal smoking and smoking cessation during early pregnancy with newborn somatometrics and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, and fetal growth re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of pediatrics 2010-06, Vol.169 (6), p.741-748
Main Authors: Vardavas, Constantine I., Chatzi, Leda, Patelarou, Evridiki, Plana, Estel, Sarri, Katerina, Kafatos, Anthony, Koutis, Antonis D., Kogevinas, Manolis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Babies
Biological and medical sciences
Birth weight
Cohort analysis
Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy
Emigrants and Immigrants
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation - ethnology
Fetal Growth Retardation - etiology
Fetal Growth Retardation - prevention & control
General aspects
Gestational age
Greece - epidemiology
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Linear Models
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Menstruation
Multiple births
Newborn babies
Original Paper
Pediatrics
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Outcome
Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta
Premature Birth - ethnology
Premature Birth - etiology
Premature Birth - prevention & control
Prospective Studies
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
Smoking - adverse effects
Smoking Cessation
Smoking Prevention
Tobacco, tobacco smoking
Toxicology
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a significant threat to the fetus. We examined the association between active maternal smoking and smoking cessation during early pregnancy with newborn somatometrics and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, and fetal growth restriction. One thousand four hundred mother–child pairs with extensive questionnaire data were followed up until delivery, within the context of a population-based mother–child cohort study (Rhea study), in Crete, Greece, 2007–2008. Comparing smokers to nonsmokers, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7, 4.6] for low birth weight and 2.6 (95%CI: 1.6, 4.2) for fetal growth restriction. This corresponded to a 119-g reduction in birth weight, a 0.53-cm reduction in length, and a 0.35-cm reduction in head circumference. Smoking cessation early during pregnancy modified significantly these pregnancy outcomes indicating the necessity for primary smoking prevention.
ISSN:0340-6199
1432-1076
DOI:10.1007/s00431-009-1107-9