Free radical scavenging and antiatherogenic activities of Sesamum indicum seed extracts in chemical and biological model systems

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology 2009-10, Vol.47 (10), p.2507-2515
• Main Authors: Visavadiya, Nishant P., Soni, Badrish, Dalwadi, Nirav
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antiatherogenic; Antioxidant; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; Atherosclerosis - prevention & control; Biological and medical sciences; cardioprotective effect; Cell Fractionation; Chelating Agents - chemistry; Chelating Agents - pharmacology; cholesteremic effect; flavonoids; Flavonoids - analysis; free radical scavengers; Free Radical Scavengers - chemistry; Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology; Free Radicals - chemistry; Human LDL; Humans; Hypolipidemic Agents - chemistry; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Lipid peroxidation; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; low density lipoprotein; Male; Medical sciences; Mitochondria, Liver - drug effects; Mitochondria, Liver - metabolism; nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - chemistry; oilseed crops; Phenolic; phenolic compounds; Phenols - analysis; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant poisons toxicology; polyphenols; Rats; reactive oxygen species; redox potential; seed extracts; Seeds - chemistry; sesame seed; Sesamum - chemistry; Sesamum indicum; superoxide anion; Toxicology
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.07.009

An emerging consensus underscores the importance of oxidative events in vascular disease including excess production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), in addition to lipoprotein oxidation. Sesamum indicum has long been used extensively as a traditional food. The aim of present study was to evaluate antioxidant action of aqueous and ethanolic seed extracts from S. indicum using various in vitro ROS/RNS generated chemical and biological models. Results demonstrated that the graded-dose (25–1000 μg/ml) of aqueous and ethanolic extracts markedly scavenged the nitric oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals and, showed metal chelating ability as well as reducing capacity in Fe 3+/ferricyanide complex and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. In biological models, both extracts were found to inhibit metal-induced lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial fractions, human serum and LDL oxidation models. In lipoprotein kinetics study, both extracts significantly ( P < 0.05) increased lag phase time along with reduced oxidation rate and conjugated dienes production. Ethanolic extract of S. indicum showed higher amounts of total polyphenol and flavonoid content as compared to their counterpart. The IC 50 values of both extracts were compared with respective antioxidant standards. Overall, ethanolic extract of S. indicum possess strong antioxidant capacity and offering effective protection against LDL oxidation susceptibility.