A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion

In bioanalysis, as in other areas of analysis, difficulties can arise in judging whether to accept or reject individual values from a set of replicate analytical results. There appear to be no definitive procedures described in the literature which are applicable to bioanalytical results. In the aut...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1988, Vol.6 (3), p.317-319
Main Authors: Clarke, Graham S., Robinson, Malcolm L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Biological and medical sciences
biopharmaceutical analysis
General pharmacology
Medical sciences
Nair criterion
Outliers
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-1dd2c94c0a6b0ee2e61630615632c368014ff704f36686da4f92de55ac0704ea3
cites
container_end_page 319
container_issue 3
container_start_page 317
container_title Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
container_volume 6
creator Clarke, Graham S.
Robinson, Malcolm L.
description In bioanalysis, as in other areas of analysis, difficulties can arise in judging whether to accept or reject individual values from a set of replicate analytical results. There appear to be no definitive procedures described in the literature which are applicable to bioanalytical results. In the authors' laboratory, the analysis of a sample can yield a set of triplicate results, two of which are close and the other an apparent outlier. If this is judged to be so, then the outlier is rejected and the mean of the two remaining values is quoted as the analytical result. If it is judged otherwise, the mean of the three results is reported. However, a problem arises when two operators judge the same data. A finite number of instances will occur where there is disagreement. To overcome this problem, a number of statistical tests were examined. Of these, the Nair criterion was found to be the test that most often gave a result agreeing with the authors' own judgement.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/0731-7085(88)80059-1
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734108643</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>0731708588800591</els_id><sourcerecordid>734108643</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-1dd2c94c0a6b0ee2e61630615632c368014ff704f36686da4f92de55ac0704ea3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1LHEEQhpsQiavJPwjSh-DHYZL-mp6eiyCiURC9JJBDoKntqdGS-Vi7ZwT_vb3Zxdw8FRRPvVQ9xdhXKb5LIe0PUWlZVMKVx86dOCHKupAf2EK6ShfKmj8f2eIN2WV7KT2KDMnafGK70jpbGaUX7O8ZX0KiwFdxvI_Q82nkDU4YexqQj_PUEcbEaeBLGlcPEHsIOE8UoOMwQPeSKPE50XDPpwfkt0CRh0g5gMbhM9tpoUv4ZVv32e_Li1_nV8XN3c_r87ObIhhZT4VsGhVqEwTYpUBUaKXVwsrSahW0dUKatq2EabXNezdg2lo1WJYQRO4i6H12tMnNRzzNmCbfUwrYdTDgOCdfaSOFs0Zn8vBdUpnK1cbWGTQbMMQxpYitX0XqIb54Kfzav1_L9Wu53jn_z7-Xeexgmz8ve2z-D22FZ-DbFoCUHbYRhkDpjauUVs6VGTvdYJi1PecX-BQIh4ANRQyTb0Z6f5FXf72hPg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>24789469</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion</title><source>Elsevier SD Backfile Physical and Analytical Chemistry</source><creator>Clarke, Graham S. ; Robinson, Malcolm L.</creator><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Graham S. ; Robinson, Malcolm L.</creatorcontrib><description>In bioanalysis, as in other areas of analysis, difficulties can arise in judging whether to accept or reject individual values from a set of replicate analytical results. There appear to be no definitive procedures described in the literature which are applicable to bioanalytical results. In the authors' laboratory, the analysis of a sample can yield a set of triplicate results, two of which are close and the other an apparent outlier. If this is judged to be so, then the outlier is rejected and the mean of the two remaining values is quoted as the analytical result. If it is judged otherwise, the mean of the three results is reported. However, a problem arises when two operators judge the same data. A finite number of instances will occur where there is disagreement. To overcome this problem, a number of statistical tests were examined. Of these, the Nair criterion was found to be the test that most often gave a result agreeing with the authors' own judgement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0731-7085</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-264X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(88)80059-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16867423</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPBADA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Biological and medical sciences ; biopharmaceutical analysis ; General pharmacology ; Medical sciences ; Nair criterion ; Outliers ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><ispartof>Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1988, Vol.6 (3), p.317-319</ispartof><rights>1988</rights><rights>1989 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-1dd2c94c0a6b0ee2e61630615632c368014ff704f36686da4f92de55ac0704ea3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0731708588800591$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3619,4024,27923,27924,27925,45983</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=7232885$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16867423$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Graham S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Malcolm L.</creatorcontrib><title>A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion</title><title>Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis</title><addtitle>J Pharm Biomed Anal</addtitle><description>In bioanalysis, as in other areas of analysis, difficulties can arise in judging whether to accept or reject individual values from a set of replicate analytical results. There appear to be no definitive procedures described in the literature which are applicable to bioanalytical results. In the authors' laboratory, the analysis of a sample can yield a set of triplicate results, two of which are close and the other an apparent outlier. If this is judged to be so, then the outlier is rejected and the mean of the two remaining values is quoted as the analytical result. If it is judged otherwise, the mean of the three results is reported. However, a problem arises when two operators judge the same data. A finite number of instances will occur where there is disagreement. To overcome this problem, a number of statistical tests were examined. Of these, the Nair criterion was found to be the test that most often gave a result agreeing with the authors' own judgement.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biopharmaceutical analysis</subject><subject>General pharmacology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nair criterion</subject><subject>Outliers</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><issn>0731-7085</issn><issn>1873-264X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1988</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kU1LHEEQhpsQiavJPwjSh-DHYZL-mp6eiyCiURC9JJBDoKntqdGS-Vi7ZwT_vb3Zxdw8FRRPvVQ9xdhXKb5LIe0PUWlZVMKVx86dOCHKupAf2EK6ShfKmj8f2eIN2WV7KT2KDMnafGK70jpbGaUX7O8ZX0KiwFdxvI_Q82nkDU4YexqQj_PUEcbEaeBLGlcPEHsIOE8UoOMwQPeSKPE50XDPpwfkt0CRh0g5gMbhM9tpoUv4ZVv32e_Li1_nV8XN3c_r87ObIhhZT4VsGhVqEwTYpUBUaKXVwsrSahW0dUKatq2EabXNezdg2lo1WJYQRO4i6H12tMnNRzzNmCbfUwrYdTDgOCdfaSOFs0Zn8vBdUpnK1cbWGTQbMMQxpYitX0XqIb54Kfzav1_L9Wu53jn_z7-Xeexgmz8ve2z-D22FZ-DbFoCUHbYRhkDpjauUVs6VGTvdYJi1PecX-BQIh4ANRQyTb0Z6f5FXf72hPg</recordid><startdate>1988</startdate><enddate>1988</enddate><creator>Clarke, Graham S.</creator><creator>Robinson, Malcolm L.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1988</creationdate><title>A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion</title><author>Clarke, Graham S. ; Robinson, Malcolm L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-1dd2c94c0a6b0ee2e61630615632c368014ff704f36686da4f92de55ac0704ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1988</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biopharmaceutical analysis</topic><topic>General pharmacology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Nair criterion</topic><topic>Outliers</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Graham S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Malcolm L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Clarke, Graham S.</au><au>Robinson, Malcolm L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion</atitle><jtitle>Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis</jtitle><addtitle>J Pharm Biomed Anal</addtitle><date>1988</date><risdate>1988</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>317</spage><epage>319</epage><pages>317-319</pages><issn>0731-7085</issn><eissn>1873-264X</eissn><coden>JPBADA</coden><abstract>In bioanalysis, as in other areas of analysis, difficulties can arise in judging whether to accept or reject individual values from a set of replicate analytical results. There appear to be no definitive procedures described in the literature which are applicable to bioanalytical results. In the authors' laboratory, the analysis of a sample can yield a set of triplicate results, two of which are close and the other an apparent outlier. If this is judged to be so, then the outlier is rejected and the mean of the two remaining values is quoted as the analytical result. If it is judged otherwise, the mean of the three results is reported. However, a problem arises when two operators judge the same data. A finite number of instances will occur where there is disagreement. To overcome this problem, a number of statistical tests were examined. Of these, the Nair criterion was found to be the test that most often gave a result agreeing with the authors' own judgement.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>16867423</pmid><doi>10.1016/0731-7085(88)80059-1</doi><tpages>3</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0731-7085
ispartof Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 1988, Vol.6 (3), p.317-319
issn 0731-7085
1873-264X
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734108643
source Elsevier SD Backfile Physical and Analytical Chemistry
subjects Analysis
Biological and medical sciences
biopharmaceutical analysis
General pharmacology
Medical sciences
Nair criterion
Outliers
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
title A basic program to determine outliers in biopharmaceutical analysis using the Nair criterion
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-05T08%3A47%3A43IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20basic%20program%20to%20determine%20outliers%20in%20biopharmaceutical%20analysis%20using%20the%20Nair%20criterion&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20pharmaceutical%20and%20biomedical%20analysis&rft.au=Clarke,%20Graham%20S.&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.epage=319&rft.pages=317-319&rft.issn=0731-7085&rft.eissn=1873-264X&rft.coden=JPBADA&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/0731-7085(88)80059-1&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E734108643%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-1dd2c94c0a6b0ee2e61630615632c368014ff704f36686da4f92de55ac0704ea3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=24789469&rft_id=info:pmid/16867423&rfr_iscdi=true