Occlusal and TMJ Loads in Subjects with Experimentally Shortened Dental Arches

To determine whether shortened dental arches (SDAs) cause functional overloading of the teeth and the temporomandibular joints, which has been implicated in periodontal diseases and temporomandibular disorders, we investigated the influences of SDA on occlusal and joint loads. Bite force and mastica...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research 2003-07, Vol.82 (7), p.532-536
Main Authors: Hattori, Y., Satoh, C., Seki, S., Watanabe, Y., Ogino, Y., Watanabe, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Bite Force
Computer Simulation
Dental Arch - physiopathology
Dental Stress Analysis - methods
Dentistry
Electromyography
Finite Element Analysis
Humans
Jaw, Edentulous, Partially - physiopathology
Male
Masticatory Muscles - physiology
Molar - physiology
Muscle Contraction
Occlusal Splints
Temporomandibular Joint - physiopathology
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Summary:To determine whether shortened dental arches (SDAs) cause functional overloading of the teeth and the temporomandibular joints, which has been implicated in periodontal diseases and temporomandibular disorders, we investigated the influences of SDA on occlusal and joint loads. Bite force and masticatory muscle electromyograms were recorded in five dentate subjects who clenched maximally on intra-oral appliances, creating symmetrical SDAs experimentally. Muscular forces estimated from the recorded electromyograms were fed into a finite element jaw model for calculating bite forces and joint loads. Comparison between the measured and the calculated bite forces ensured that the joint loads were representative. The bite force on each tooth increased with missing molar occlusions, while joint loads decreased. The bite force per root surface area was always greatest on the most posterior tooth, and these values were most constant. The findings provide no evidence that SDA causes overloading of the joints and the teeth, which suggests that neuromuscular regulatory systems are controlling maximum clenching strength under various occlusal conditions.
ISSN:0022-0345
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/154405910308200709