Activation of gene expression by small RNA

Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) commonly act to downregulate gene expression. In bacteria, however, sRNAs have also been shown to activate genes by a variety of direct or indirect mechanisms. Several sRNAs (DsrA, GlmZ, RNAIII, RprA, RyhB, and Qrr) act as direct translational activators by an ‘anti-ant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in microbiology 2009-12, Vol.12 (6), p.674-682
Main Authors: Fröhlich, Kathrin S, Vogel, Jörg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
Biological and medical sciences
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Microbiology
Mimicry
Models, Biological
Pathology
Porins
Reviews
Ribosomes
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Bacterial - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
RNA, Small Interfering - genetics
RNA, Small Interfering - metabolism
Transcriptional Activation
Translation
Traps
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Summary:Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) commonly act to downregulate gene expression. In bacteria, however, sRNAs have also been shown to activate genes by a variety of direct or indirect mechanisms. Several sRNAs (DsrA, GlmZ, RNAIII, RprA, RyhB, and Qrr) act as direct translational activators by an ‘anti-antisense mechanism’ in the 5′ mRNA region to liberate a sequestered ribosome binding site, while pairing of GadY sRNA to the 3′-end alters processing and increases stability of its target mRNA. Indirect activation includes cases of RNA mimicry in which degradation of the activating GlmZ sRNA is suppressed by the highly similar GlmY sRNA, or where a pseudo-target mRNA traps MicM sRNA to derepress porin synthesis.
ISSN:1369-5274
1879-0364
DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2009.09.009