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Climate and acute/subacute paracoccidioidomycosis in a hyper-endemic area in Brazil

Background Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is Latin America's most prevalent systemic mycosis, carrying an important social burden. Its agent, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, has rarely been identified in nature. Studies characterizing acute/subacute PCM incidence and their relationship with climat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of epidemiology 2009-12, Vol.38 (6), p.1642-1649
Main Authors: Barrozo, Ligia V, Mendes, Rinaldo P, Marques, Silvio A, Benard, Gil, Silva, Maria E Siqueira, Bagagli, Eduardo
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Background Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is Latin America's most prevalent systemic mycosis, carrying an important social burden. Its agent, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, has rarely been identified in nature. Studies characterizing acute/subacute PCM incidence and their relationship with climate variables are not available. This work analysed a series of acute/subacute cases that occurred in the Botucatu area, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 1969 to 1999, as an outcome of weather variability. Methods Stepwise regression of annual data was applied to model incidence, calculated based on 91 cases, from lagged variables: antecedent precipitation, air temperature, soil water storage, absolute and relative air humidity, and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Results Multiple regression analyses resulted in a model, which explains 49% of the incidence variance, taking into account the absolute air humidity in the year of exposure, soil water storage and SOI of the previous 2 years. Conclusions The correlations may reflect enhanced fungal growth after increase in soil water storage in the longer term and greater spore release with increase in absolute air humidity in the short term.
ISSN:0300-5771
1464-3685
DOI:10.1093/ije/dyp207