Human obesity relationship with Ad36 adenovirus and insulin resistance

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity 2009-12, Vol.33 (12), p.1402-1409
• Main Authors: Trovato, G.M, Castro, A, Tonzuso, A, Garozzo, A, Martines, G.F, Pirri, C, Trovato, F, Catalano, D
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ad36 adenovirus; Adenoviridae; Adenovirus diseases; Adenovirus Infections, Human - blood; Adenovirus Infections, Human - virology; Adenoviruses; Adenoviruses, Human; adipose tissue; Adiposity; Adult; Antihypertensives; Biological and medical sciences; Blood pressure; Body composition; Body fat; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol; complications; Complications and side effects; Demographic aspects; Diabetes; Disease; Epidemiology; etiology; Female; Genetic aspects; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; homeostasis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - blood; Hypertension - virology; Hypotheses; Infections; Insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Internal Medicine; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; nutrition-genotype interaction; Obesity; Obesity - blood; Obesity - virology; original-article; Overweight; Pathogens; Patients; Physiological aspects; Public Health; Risk factors; Seroepidemiologic Studies; seroprevalence; Statistical models; Triglycerides; viral diseases of animals and humans; Waist-Hip Ratio; Weight control
• ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497
• DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.196

Objectives: Infection with specific pathogens may lead to increased adiposity: a specific adiposity-promoting effect of Ad36 human adenovirus, without the involvement of neurological mechanisms, was reported. The aim of this study is to investigate whether non-diabetic patients with earlier Ad36 infection show greater degrees of overweight obesity, of Insulin Resistance (IR), assessed by homoeostasis-model assessment (HOMA), and/or of other related factors. Moreover, the relationship, if any, among these factors and an earlier Ad36 infection, and the hypothesis of a mechanism involving IR are investigated. Subjects: Ad36 seropositivity is assessed in 68 obese and 135 non-obese subjects, along with body composition, HOMA and laboratory investigations. Results: Age, body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio, blood pressure, insulin, HOMA and triglycerides are significantly greater in the Ad36 seropositive group. Ad36 seropositivity, along with HOMA and total cholesterol, explains BMI variance. No Ad36 seropositivity effect to HOMA could be envisaged by the same statistical model. Conclusion: A significant association of Ad36 seropositivity with obesity and with essential hypertension in human beings is suggested by our study; this association is mostly significant in women. Our results do not support that any Ad36 adipogenic adenovirus effect is operating in human obesity through an insulin-resistance-related mechanism. Ad36 seropositive status could also be a hallmark of a clinical-metabolic profile possibly preceding obesity and diabetes in non-obese patients.