High Prevalence of Cardiac Valve Disease in Acromegaly: An Observational, Analytical, Case-Control Study

• Published in: The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2003-07, Vol.88 (7), p.3196-3201
• Main Authors: Colao, Annamaria, Spinelli, Letizia, Marzullo, Paolo, Pivonello, Rosario, Petretta, Mario, Di Somma, Carolina, Vitale, Giovanni, Bonaduce, Domenico, Lombardi, Gaetano
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acromegaly - epidemiology; Adult; Aged; Analysis. Health state; Aortic Valve Stenosis - epidemiology; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Endocrinopathies; Epidemiology; Female; General aspects; Humans; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - epidemiology; Hypothalamus. Hypophysis. Epiphysis (diseases); Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve Stenosis - epidemiology; Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms; Prevalence; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
• ISSN: 0021-972X; 1945-7197
• DOI: 10.1210/jc.2002-021099

To characterize mitral and aortic valve abnormalities we performed M-mode, two-dimensional, and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 42 patients with active acromegaly, 22 patients cured of acromegaly, and 64 controls pair-matched with the patients for sex and age. The overall prevalence of valve abnormalities was higher in both the active patients (86% vs. 24%; P < 0.0001) and the cured patients (73% vs. 9%; P < 0.0001) than in controls. Left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in active (81% vs. 29%; P < 0.0001), but not in cured (41% vs. 14%; P = 0.09) patients than in controls. Cardiac valve abnormalities were associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in both patients and controls, without any difference between them. Conversely, among subjects without left ventricular hypertrophy, mitral and aortic abnormalities were only present in the patients (75% of active and 54% of cured), but not in controls (3% of active controls and 0% of cured controls). In conclusion, patients with active acromegaly and those cured of the disease have a high prevalence of mitral and aortic abnormalities. The persistence of valve disease in patients with cured acromegaly is likely to be correlated with the persistence of left ventricular hypertrophy, which should be carefully and continuously monitored as an aspect of the risk of cardiac dysfunction in these patients.