Preparation and Properties of Monoclonal Antibodies against Lipopolysaccharide-Sensitive Serine Protease Zymogen, Factor C, from Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) Hemocytes

• Published in: Journal of biochemistry (Tokyo) 1992-10, Vol.112 (4), p.476-481
• Main Authors: Miura, Yoshiki, Tokunaga, Fuminori, Miyata, Toshiyuki, Moriyasu, Matsuko, Yoshikawa, Katsutoshi, Iwanaga, Sadaaki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry; Animals; antibodies; Antibodies, Monoclonal - biosynthesis; Antibodies, Monoclonal - isolation & purification; Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacology; Arthropod Proteins; biochemistry; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biological and medical sciences; coagulation; coagulation factor C; Enzyme Precursors - immunology; Enzyme Precursors - metabolism; Enzyme Precursors - physiology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Enzymes and enzyme inhibitors; Epitopes - analysis; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycoproteins - immunology; Glycoproteins - metabolism; Glycoproteins - physiology; Hemocytes - enzymology; Horseshoe Crabs - physiology; Hydrolases; immunoassays; Kinetics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Marine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; monoclonal antibodies; preparation; properties; Science & Technology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serine Endopeptidases - immunology; Serine Endopeptidases - metabolism; Serine Endopeptidases - physiology; Tachypleus tridentatus
• ISSN: 0021-924X; 1756-2651
• DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123924

Seventeen murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against horseshoe crab clotting factor, factor C, were prepared and characterized. When the binding sites of these mAbs were analyzed by immunoblotting, ten mAbs recognized nonreduced factor C, five mAbs were directed against the heavy chain, and two mAbs were directed against the B chain. Three mAbs, 1H4, 2C12, and 2A7, one selected from each group, were used for further study. The mAb 1H4, which recognized only nonreduced factor C molecule, inhibited the factor C activity in a dose-dependent manner. It also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and α-chymotrypsln-mediated activations of the zymogen factor C, suggesting that 1H4 binds close to the active site and/or the substrate-binding site located in the serine protease domain (B chain) of factor C. On the other hand, 2C12 and 2A7 recognized, respectively, an epitope located in the heavy and the B chains, and inhibited LPS-mediated activation of factor C, but not α-chymotrypsin-mediated activation of factor C or factor C¯ activity. Both F(ab′)2 and Fab′ fragments derived from 2C12 inhibited LPS-mediated activation in the same manner. These three mAbs did not bind with LPS, although a factor C-mAb complex was able to bind LPS, suggesting that the LPS-mediated activation of the zymogen factor C was induced through Intermolecular interaction between the LPS-bound factor C mole cules. The dissociation constants (Kd) for 1H4, 2C12, and 2A7 binding to factor C were determined as 1.9×10−9 0.6×10−10 and 1.8×10 respectively. By using 2C12 and polyclonal antibody against factor C¯, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitative determination of factor C was established.