Phenolic Diterpenes, Flavones, and Rosmarinic Acid Distribution during the Development of Leaves, Flowers, Stems, and Roots of Rosmarinus officinalis. Antioxidant Activity

The distribution of six compounds with three different polyphenol skeletons have been studied in Rosmarinus officinalis:  phenolic diterpenes (carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-O-methylcarnosic acid), caffeoyl derivatives (rosmarinic acid), and flavones (isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside and genkwanin), e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003-07, Vol.51 (15), p.4247-4253
Main Authors: del Baño, María José, Lorente, Juan, Castillo, Julián, Benavente-García, Obdulio, del Río, José Antonio, Ortuño, Ana, Quirin, Karl-Werner, Gerard, Dieter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abietanes
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants - analysis
Aroma and flavouring agent industries
Biological and medical sciences
Cinnamates - analysis
Depsides
developmental stages
Diterpenes - analysis
diterpenoids
flavones
Flavonoids - analysis
flowering
flowers
Flowers - growth & development
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
leaves
Phenanthrenes - analysis
Phenols - analysis
Plant Extracts - analysis
Plant Leaves - growth & development
Plant Roots - growth & development
Plant Stems - growth & development
Polymers - analysis
polyphenols
roots
Rosmarinic Acid
Rosmarinus - chemistry
Rosmarinus - growth & development
Rosmarinus officinalis
stems
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Summary:The distribution of six compounds with three different polyphenol skeletons have been studied in Rosmarinus officinalis:  phenolic diterpenes (carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-O-methylcarnosic acid), caffeoyl derivatives (rosmarinic acid), and flavones (isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside and genkwanin), each showing a characteristic behavior and distribution during the vegetative cycle. Only in leaves were all six compounds present, and the highest accumulation rate was related with the young stages of development. Rosmarinic acid showed the highest concentrations of all the polyphenols in all organs. The distribution of this acid in leaves, flowers, and stems suggests that in the first stages of flower growth, levels were due to in situ biosynthesis, and in the last stages, the contribution of transport phenomena was increased. The antioxidant activity of six extracts with different polyphenolic composition was evaluated in aqueous and lipid systems. The results clearly suggest that rosemary extracts are excellent antioxidants in both aqueous and lipid systems. Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis; carnosic acid; carnosol; 12-O-methylcarnosic acid; diterpene phenols; genkwanin; isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside; rosmarinic acid; antioxidant
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf0300745