Comparison of positive end-expiratory pressure with reverse Trendelenburg position in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery: effects on hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchange

• Published in: Obesity surgery 2003-08, Vol.13 (4), p.605-609
• Main Authors: Perilli, V, Sollazzi, L, Modesti, C, Annetta, M G, Sacco, T, Bocci, M G, Tacchino, R M, Proietti, R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Anesthesia - adverse effects; Biliopancreatic Diversion; Female; Gastrointestinal surgery; Head-Down Tilt - physiology; Hemodynamics - physiology; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obesity, Morbid - physiopathology; Obesity, Morbid - surgery; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Pulmonary Gas Exchange - physiology; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Insufficiency - etiology; Respiratory Insufficiency - physiopathology; Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy; Weight control
• ISSN: 0960-8923; 1708-0428
• DOI: 10.1381/096089203322190826

Anesthetized morbidly obese patients often exhibit impaired pulmonary gas exchanges, mostly because of a reduction in functional residual capacity. At present, several approaches are suggested to ventilate these patients. The efficiency of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) were compared in order to improve oxygenation in 20 morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Both PEEP and RTP determined a significant decrease in alveolar-arterial oxygen difference and an increase in total respiratory compliance (Ctot). RTP resulted in lower airway pressures than PEEP with similar improvements in Ctot and oxygenation. Concerning hemodynamic parameters, cardiac output (CO) significantly decreased with both PEEP and RTP. RTP and PEEP can be considered adequate ventilatory settings for morbidly obese patients, without any significant difference with regard to gas exchange improvement. However, the decrease in CO may partially counteract the beneficial effects on oxygenation of these ventilatory settings.