Acetylcholine Synthesis in Synaptosomes: Mode of Transfer of Mitochondrial Acetyl Coenzyme A

Labeled acetylcholine derived from labeled pyruvate in a synaptosomal preparation from rat brain, incubated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as well as coenzyme A, is stimulated by calcium ions in the absence but not in the presence of Triton X-100. Whereas citrate is taken up by cholinergic s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1981-09, Vol.213 (4515), p.1495-1497
Main Authors: Benjamin, A. M., Quastel, J. H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetyl Coenzyme A - metabolism
acetylcholine
Acetylcholine - biosynthesis
Animals
ATP Citrate (pro-S)-Lyase - metabolism
Biosynthesis
brain
Brain - metabolism
Calcium
Calcium - physiology
Chlorides
Cholinergics
Citrates
Citrates - metabolism
Coenzymes
Enzymes
ions
membrane permeability
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondrial membranes
NAD - metabolism
Phospholipases A - metabolism
Phospholipases A2
Rats
Sodium
Synapses
Synaptosomes
Synaptosomes - metabolism
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Summary:Labeled acetylcholine derived from labeled pyruvate in a synaptosomal preparation from rat brain, incubated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as well as coenzyme A, is stimulated by calcium ions in the absence but not in the presence of Triton X-100. Whereas citrate is taken up by cholinergic synaptosomes because it suppresses the formation of acetylcholine from pyruvate, it is not itself converted into acetylcholine. The evidence suggests that there is a calcium-dependent transfer of mitochondrial acetyl coenzyme A into the cholinergic synaptoplasm, which is apparently devoid of the citrate cleavage enzyme, and is there converted into acetylcholine. The permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to coenzyme A and acetyl coenzyme A seems to be enhanced by calcium ions, and this effect may be mediated by mitochondrial phospholipase A$_{2}$.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.7280667