Modulation of antioxidant responses by arsenic in maize

The effects of arsenic on the expression of the antioxidant genes encoding superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as the activity of SOD and CAT enzymes, were examined at different developmental stages and in different tissues. Both CAT and SOD activities increased in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Free radical biology & medicine 1998-09, Vol.25 (4), p.576-585
Main Authors: Mylona, Photini V., Polidoros, Alexios N., Scandalios, John G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Arsenate
Arsenic - administration & dosage
Arsenic - pharmacology
Arsenite
Catalase
Catalase - genetics
Catalase - metabolism
Free radicals
Gene Expression - drug effects
Glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione Transferase - genetics
Isoenzymes - genetics
Isoenzymes - metabolism
Reactive oxygen species
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide Dismutase - genetics
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Zea mays
Zea mays - enzymology
Zea mays - genetics
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Summary:The effects of arsenic on the expression of the antioxidant genes encoding superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as the activity of SOD and CAT enzymes, were examined at different developmental stages and in different tissues. Both CAT and SOD activities increased in response to low concentrations (0.01-0.1 mM) of arsenic in developing maize embryos. In germinating embryos both CAT and SOD activities increased in response to a wide range of arsenic concentrations (0.01-10 mM). Cat1 transcript increased in response to arsenic in developing and germinating embryos and in young leaves. Conversely, Cat2 increased at low concentrations of arsenic only in germinating embryos. Cat3 transcript levels increased in response to low concentrations of arsenic only in developing embryos. Sod3 transcript increased at low concentrations of arsenic in developing, germinating embryos and in leaves. The cytosolic Sod4 and Sod4A increased in response to arsenic in germinating embryos, while only Sod4 transcript increased in response to arsenic in leaves. Expression of Gst1 was similar to that of Cat1 in all tissues examined. These results indicate that arsenic triggers tissue and developmental stage specific defense responses of antioxidant and detoxification related genes in maize.
ISSN:0891-5849
1873-4596
DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00090-2