When Nonsense Sounds Happy or Helpless: The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT)

This article introduces an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). This test draws on participant ratings of the extent to which artificial words subjectively convey various emotions. Factor analyses of these ra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personality and social psychology 2009-09, Vol.97 (3), p.500-516
Main Authors: Quirin, Markus, Kazén, Miguel, Kuhl, Julius
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Affect
Assessment
Biological and medical sciences
Construct Validity
Discriminant analysis
Emotional States
Emotions
Factor analysis
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Happiness
Helplessness, Learned
Human
Humans
Judgment
Male
Mood
Personality Assessment - statistics & numerical data
Personality Measures
Psychological tests
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychometrics - statistics & numerical data
Semantics
Sensitivity and Specificity
Social attribution, perception and cognition
Social psychology
Sociological research
Test Reliability
Test Validity
Test-Retest reliability
Validation studies
Young Adult
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Summary:This article introduces an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). This test draws on participant ratings of the extent to which artificial words subjectively convey various emotions. Factor analyses of these ratings yielded two independent factors that can be interpreted as implicit positive and negative affect. The corresponding scales show adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, stability (Study 1), and construct validity (Study 2). Studies 3 and 4 demonstrate that the IPANAT also measures state variance. Finally, Study 5 provides criterion-based validity by demonstrating that correlations between implicit affect and explicit affect are higher under conditions of spontaneous responding than under conditions of reflective responding to explicit affect scales. The present findings suggest that the IPANAT is a reliable and valid measure with a straightforward application procedure.
ISSN:0022-3514
1939-1315
DOI:10.1037/a0016063